NATURAL HISTORY AND PHYSIOGRAPHY OF NEW BRUNSWICK. 17 
is granite, of a typical coarse-grained sort, and large boulders 
thereof are scattered a long way down stream. This import- 
ant outcrop, which has escaped mention in the Geological 
Reports or on the Geological map, is most unexpected in 
this typical carboniferous region. It is, however, obviously 
an extension of a granite outcrop described in the Geological 
Reports (1875-6, page 366) as occurring on Thornes Brook 
in conjunction with the “Pre-Cambrain” rocks there, although 
it is not shown on the Geological map. 
Below the Petitcodiac bridge, near which, as will be noted 
in the Supplement, started the old Indian portage to the 
Petitcodiac, the river continues to wind greatly (far more 
sinuously than shown on our map), through extensive intervales 
of the typical valuable sort, the intervales which proved the 
attraction to the early New Canaan settlers. Gradually 
downwards, however, they grow narrower as the valley walls 
approach, until, at the bridge below Alward Brook, the true 
intervales give place to a remarkable fine-sand plain of con- 
siderable extent, partly farmed and partly wooded, through 
which the river flows in long curves in a valley of almost 
canal-like evenness of width, depth, sluggishness of current, 
and uniformity of bank slope, the like of which I have not 
seen in equal degree on any other New Brunswick river. 
As one travels along in a canoe, he is constantly impressed 
by the uniformity in all of these features, and especially by 
the regularity of the convex uproll of the grassy and bushy 
banks to the terrace of equal uniformity of height, some 
fifteen feet above the river. The material of the banks is a 
very fine sand, much coarser than the ordinary mud of the 
intervales, suggesting a flow in glacial times from this coarser 
to the finer materials above. This character continues 
practically down to the North Fork, though with some small 
sandstone exposures near the end, and even to some extent 
below. 
The North Fork, sometimes called Taylors Midstream, 
is a stream of an interest unexpected in this part of the 
country, as I found in my trip down from the new railroad 
