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close season, though the privilege of storing game and hold- 
ing it in possession from one season to another still invites 
wholesale destruction of game birds for market purposes 
elsewhere. The destruction of non-game birds is not due 
to lack of protection so much as to failure to deal effectively 
with certain special conditions which have recently arisen. 
The remedy for present conditions is clear, but difficult to 
apply; namely, to prohibit spring shooting, to restrict the 
sale of game birds, and to prevent market hunting and 
indiscriminate slaughter of game and small birds. The 
destruction of birds by foreigners has thus far assumed a 
serious aspect in only a few States. The most successful 
means of dealing with it thus far suggested is a ten-dollar 
hunting license required of all foreign-born unnaturalized 
residents of the State. Such a law has been adopted in 
both Louisiana and Pennsylvania, and has thus far proved 
quite satisfactory.” 
Bounty Laws. — Sufficient protection will be given to 
birds against their natural enemies by the shooters them- 
selves, when they learn what protection is needed. All 
gunners will shoot the Cooper and sharp-shinned hawks at 
sight, when they know them and know their character. 
They will also shoot cats, foxes, crows, squirrels and all the 
enemies of birds indiscriminately, whenever they recognize 
them as enemies. Hence, so long as we allow the shooting 
of game, the shooters are likely to keep the enemies of 
birds within reasonable limits. Crows, foxes and bird 
hawks may increase in some cases, owing to their well- 
known ability to take care of themselves; but the law does 
not protect any of these creatures, and they may be kept in 
subjection without the stimulus of bounty laws. Bounty 
laws may have been wise and even necessary in the early 
history of this Commonwealth, when there were wolves, 
bears, panthers and rattlesnakes to be exterminated; now, 
however, they are in general unwise, unnecessary, uncalled 
for, and in effect positively injurious. 
We must admit that such laws operate to reduce the num- 
bers of the animals proscribed by them, provided the bounty 
is made sufficiently large. It is perfectly clear that any 
