22 
Bulletin of the Natural History Society. 
which the greater part of the stone weapons and implements of 
Bocabec have been fabricated is not far distant from the site of 
the village. The whole northern and eastern side of Passama- 
quoddy Bay is bordered by rocks of a peculiar type which, from 
the fossils found in the slates at the base of the series, are regarded 
as Upper Silurian. The lower part of this formation with marine 
fossils, which in the Reports of the Geological Survey of Canada 
are described as Division One, are absent from the outcrops about 
Bocabec, which expose at the base of the formation, Division Two. 
This part of the formation which, in the most southerly outcrops 
in Charlotte County, consists of hardened silicious shales, with 
mascerated remains of land plants, etc., is represented at Bocabec 
by a fine-grained petrosilex, exposed in Digdeguash Basin, and 
probably also on Bocabec River. This rock splits with a deep 
conchoidal fracture, and is capable of being worked like flint or 
chert into stone weapons. It is this material which the men of 
Bocabec found most advantageous for the fabrication of lance and 
arrow-heads. 
In the Third Division of the Silurian series of rocks, flaggy sand- 
stones are common on the southern margin of Passamaquoddy 
Bay ; but at Bocabec, which is at the head of the same Bay, this 
number of the series is found to be very compact and fine-grained, 
coming under the denomination of quartzite. This rock has been 
used to some extent by the dwellers of Bocabec for their larger 
weapons and implements. 
A third rock, or rather mineral — quartz — was one of which 
the men of Bocabec availed themselves to a large extent in the 
manufacture of stone weapons. As this mineral occurs abundantly 
in the pebbles of the drift and other surface deposits of the region, 
it is plentiful on the sea beaches, which abound with stones washed 
out of these surface deposits, and no special source of supply need 
be looked for. 
P'rom the fact that many of the rocks and minerals used by 
the community of Bocabec for weapons and implements were 
found so close to their homes, we have good reason to suppose 
that there was very little occasion for these men of the Stone Age 
to seek them elsewhere by barter. 
