Discoveries at a Village of the Stone Age. 
25 
the English. A species was found which agrees with Binney’s 
description of Helix Sayii, except that the tooth on the parietal 
partition is nearly obsolete. Among the smaller snails were Helix 
monodon, Rack, Hyalina arborea , Say, Hyalina multidentata , 
Binn. 
Vanity is a foible quite as prevalent among savage as civilized 
communities, and we are not surprised to find indications of it 
among the dwellers at Bocabec. Among the reliqzuz of their hut 
bottoms was a fragment of a stone pendant decorated with crossed 
lines in the form of a lattice, and two kinds of powder, which ap- 
pear to have been kept in valves of the common clam. One 
of these powders is made from galena ore, small veins of which 
occur on the islands of Digdeguash Inlet, near Bocabec. The 
powder has a glistening appearance. The other powder, which 
was formed of pulverized shells of the horse mussel, could have 
been used as a white paint. These powders would appear to have 
been a part of their toilet requisites. That such has been the use 
of the glittering galena seems highly probable; and Darwin, in 
his account of the native Fuegians of South America, who sub- 
sisted on a diet similar to that of the Stone men of Bocabec, 
records their appearance as follows : “ These poor wretches were 
stunted in their growth, their hideous faces bedaubed with white 
paint , their skins filthy and greasy, their hair entangled, their 
voices discordant, their gestures violent, and without dignity.” 
PERMANENCY AND ANTIQUITY OF THE VILLAGE. 
It has been thought that these kitchen-middens around the 
shores of Passamaquoddy Bay were made by a people who 
camped along the shore in summer for fishing and hunting, but 
retreated inland to the shelter of the woods in winter. There are, 
however, indications that the occupation of the village sites marked 
by these shell-heaps was more or less continuous. 
Among the indications of occupancy at other seasons than 
the summer, I may refer to the kind of clay used in their pottery, 
and the places in the village where deposits of this clay were 
found. In making sections of the three hut bottoms at Bocabec 
we passed through several layers of pottery clay of small lateral 
extent, which had evidently been scattered on the floor of the 
huts. So also in the kitchen-midden in front of hut bottom A, 
