26 
Bulletin of the Natural History Society. 
irregular layers of the same kind of clay were traversed. These 
layers were mingled with the charcoal and refuse that had been 
cast out from the door of the hut in such a way as to show that 
all had come within the hut. I think, therefore, there can be little 
doubt that the moulding of the pottery was sometimes carried on 
within the huts. The practice of chipping their flint implements 
within the hut, to which I have already referred, would also 
indicate the use of these dwellings during the colder part of the 
year. 
The very fact of these savages using only the mud of the beach 
in the manufacture of their pottery, seems to show that the work 
in terra-cotta was carried on mostly in winter, when other and 
better kinds of clay (for no other kind has been found in the sherds 
collected at Bocabec) were inaccessible to them. 
The position of the encampment also, situated as it was on 
the edge of an open beach facing the south, and sheltered from 
the north-west and north-east winds by protecting ridges-of land, 
was well adapted for a winter residence. 
With our very imperfect knowledge of the shell-heap folk of 
Passamaquoddy Bay and of the remains they have left, it would 
be premature to say how long these kitchen-middins have been 
lying in their present condition, or when the various village sites 
marked by accumulation of these remains were abandoned. It 
may, however, be worth while to mention a few points bearing on 
the question of their age. 
Among all the weapons, implements, and other objects found 
at Bocabec, not one article has been met with which in any way 
would lead to the supposition that these people were acquainted 
with the products of European industry. Mr. W. F. Ganong in- 
formed me that at a group of kitchen-middens at Chamcook, near 
St. Andrews, not far from the spot where De Monts wintered 
with the first colony of Europeans who attempted a settlement in 
Acadia, an iron-bound copper kettle had been found. I am not 
aware of the conditions under which the discovery was made. 
No trace of any object formed of metal or glass was detected at Bo- 
cabec. The stone weapons and implements were made of material 
occuring on the Bocabec River, or in its neighborhood, or at least 
not farther off than the St. John River. Two of the scrapers, one of 
