Discoveries at a Village of the Stone Age . 
29 
kitchen-midden from the clay below, while the mould above the 
shell-heaps is from three inches to one foot in depth. These 
people, however, may have been driven back by the encroachment 
of the sea upon land in the rear of their former huts, which they 
had already cleared of trees and vegetable mould. 
ETHNIC RELATIONS OF THE PEOPLE. 
Finally, as regards the origin of the people who made these 
kitchen-middens at Bocabec a few words may be said. 
The habits, manners and customs of the people who were 
known as the aboriginal inhabitants of this country when Cham- 
plain discovered the Bay of Fundy have greatly changed through 
the corrupting influence of contact with the new comers. Enough 
of their old habits and mode of living remain, when considered 
in the light of the accounts that have come down to us from the 
early explorers, to establish the similarity of their habits and mode 
of living to that of the men of the Stone Age who lived at Bocabec. 
Furthermore, the indication of a conical form to the huts, which I 
think is sufficiently shown by the over-lapping of the kitchen - 
midden upon the sleeping-bench, and by the great width of the 
base of the doorway of the hut, point strongly to a resemblance 
between these huts and the well-known wigwam of the Indians. 
The choosing of a smooth beach for the village site, the fact 
that they appear to have had canoes or boats of some sort to 
transport the vast quantities of clams which formed an important 
article of their diet, and which could not have been dug with ease 
or found in sufficient quantities in front of their village, for, as I 
have said, the principal clam -flats are at some distance from the 
village ; the capture of fish which would not take the hook, but 
must have been taken by spear, harpoon, weir or net ; the depend- 
ence of the people on hunting for the more acceptable variety in 
their food ; the character of the rude pottery ; the use of coarse 
woven fabrics, and a variety of other features of their culture and 
mode of life, are such as we know to have been common to them 
and the Indian tribes of Acadia. 
