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BULLETIN OF THE NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY. 
that they were originally formed upon that slope, and worked 
back at their heads until they intersected the old Northumbrian 
valleys. Even the lower Big Tracadie and the lower part of the 
Little Tracadie are very likely of the same age, even though 
somewhat out of the directions of the other streams. This com- 
bination of a series of older Northumbrian with a series of newer 
Miramichian-slope rivers, seems to offer a logical explanation of 
the origin of the present valleys of this region. 
102. — On the Physiographic Characteristics of the Poke- 
MOUCHE AND SAINT SlMON RlVERS. 
Read June 5, 1906. 
Of the five rivers draining the northeastern angle of New 
Brunswick, two, the Tracadie and Tabusintac, have been described 
somewhat fully in these notes (Nos. 94 and 101), and a third, 
the Caraquet, I hope to discuss later. The remaining two, the 
Pokemouche and Saint Simon, which I have seen throughout 
their tidal courses, have characteristics as follows. 
The Pokemouche rises close to the Upper Tracadie, some of 
whose waters it must formerly have possessed (Note 94 and the 
map therewith). Sadler’s map of the river, made from survey 
in 1838, and the basis of all our present maps, records of it: “The 
banks, with very few exceptions, are low and easy of access, as 
also in the branches.”* Just above the head of the tide the river 
is clear, shallow, swift, over dark sandstone drift bottoms, pre- 
cisely like the Tracadie and the Tabusintac, with banks sometimes 
low and sometimes of glacial gravels. About the head of tide 
is a fine great clearwater pool, a famous haunt of trout, and be- 
side it, on the north bank, a beautiful low terrace camp-ground 
between two clear spring brooks. The narrow tideway then 
winds a mile or two in a flat country and swings northward to 
the pleasant Maltempec basin, where settlement begins.f Thence 
• At the head of the South Branch is a little lake, Gormandy Lake, said to 
have the peculiarity that on one side its water is good and on the other unfit for 
drinking. 
f A history of the settlement of the Pokemouche is in Acadiensis for January, 
1907, and a history of Saint Simon will appear under Caraquet In the April num- 
ber of that magazine. 
