NATURAL HISTORY AND PHYSIOGRAPHY OF NEW BRUNSWICK. 537 
106. — On the Physiographic Characteristics of the Sevogle 
River. 
Read (in abstract) February 6, 1906; re-written October, 1906. 
The Sevogle is pur most perfect wilderness river, by far the 
largest in New Brunswick that is wholly unsettled from source 
to mouth. It is also one of the least known and poorest mapped, 
for the reason, no doubt, that all its branches are well-nigh un- 
navigable, because of their roughness, for canoes, while none of 
them afford through routes of travel into other streams. In 
July, 1905, in company with my friend, Professor A. H. Pierce, 
I descended the South Branch on foot from its source near Kagoot 
(Bald) Mountain, and in July, 1906, with the same devoted com- 
panion, I visited Mullins Stream Lakes, crossed the upper courses 
ol several branches along McClinton’s north timber line, and 
descended the North Branch from its source. The results of our 
observations, correlated with other materials I have been able to 
gether, are as follows. 
First we consider the development of our knowledge of the 
river. It first appears, without name, on the great Franquelin- 
deMeulles map of 1686, where it is shown heading in a lake near 
the Lower North Branch, probably Mullins Streiam Lake. It then 
vanishes not to re-appear upon maps until Bonnor’s of 1820, where 
its lower part is sketched and named Great Sewogle. On Bailliie’s 
* The name Sevogle is Micmac Indian, still in use by the Indians, and pro- 
nounced by them very much as it is spelled, but with a sound of the v like w pnaking 
it almost like Swogle. ) This peculiarity is reflected in the earliest known uses of 
the name, which sometimes have one form, sometimes another, (Sougle, 1805, Land 
Memorial ; Sevogle, do. of 1809 ; Sewogle, maps of 1820 and 1832 ; Sevogle, map 
of 1824 and later). The Indians do not know its meaning. Little Sevogle is 
called by them Mool-mun-an-jeech, the “ Little Mool-mun-aan,” which is the 
Northwest (another form of the name El-mun-a-kun-jeech given by Rand in his 
Micmac Reader). The names Kewadu (said locally to mean Indian Devil) and 
[ W aubiguf] (said to mean “white foot”) are Indian ; they appear first upon the 
Geological Survey map of 1882, and were given to Ells, as he writes me, by a 
famous hunter and guide, Bill Gray, who had been brought up by the Indians, 
whom he greatly surpassed in skill. Sheephouse may be Indian, (See-bo-o-sis, a 
brook), though it is locally explained by a story of a hermit who* spent a winter 
there with a sheep as companion. The other names on the Sevogle system are 
obviously descriptive, and have been given either by lumbermen for some physical 
peculiarity or person, or by Mr. Arthur Pringle, the principal guide on the North 
Branch, for various visiting sportsmen. A descriptive name cf striking 
appropriateness is “ The Square Forks.” 
