bulletin of the natural history society. 
So 
The South Branch .* 
This somewhat complicated branch gathers a number of 
streams from a great arc on the eastern slope of a range of 
minor highlands, a southerly branch from the Central Highlands, 
which here separates the Miramichi from the Saint John basins. 
It has two main sources. The southern (which does not quite 
fall within the range of the accompanying map), lies close down 
to the Becaguimec, from one of whose branches it is separated, 
I am told, only by a knoll ; the elevation must fall between 950 
and 1000 feet. Thence it flows swiftly but smoothly due north 
in an open wooded trough-like valley lying between two high 
ridges. That on the east is broken and wooded, while the other, 
on the west, is smoothly rounded and settled; thus they are 
typical examples of the two types of great north-and-south 
ridges which so fundamentally affect the topography of west 
canoe trip from Little Clearwater Brook to Newcastle with Mr. S. W. Kain, I 
went by canoe in 1907 from Foreston to Newcastle with Professor A. H. Pierce. 
In July, 1908, also with Professor Pierce, I went by canoe from Barters to above 
Bedel Brook, and thence on foot, taking advantage of the portage roads and 
making many side excursions, to the head of the North Branch Deadwaters. 
Thence we went by Lindsay Brook to River de Chute and the source of its east 
branch, over to Gulquac, and back to Beaver Lake, down Burnt Hill to the Glass- 
ville Portage, across by Beaver Brook Lakes to Clearwater, up this stream to 
above Red Stone Brook and back to Sisters Lakes, and down the Sisters and 
Miramichi to Hayesville. In August, 1909, in company with Mr. William Laskey, 
of Fredericton, I went on foot up the Rocky Brook portage to Spider Lake, thence 
by the Glassville portage to Lake Brook Lake and Clearwater, the North Branch 
Burnt Hill, and McKeel Brook to Barters. I have also observed the South Branch 
and its western watershed during a bicycle trip made in September, 1908. 
In the collection of facts concerning this country, and especially in the com- 
pilation of the accompanying map, I have had much and invaluable aid from several 
persons who know that country well. Chief among these is Mr. George Armstrong, 
chief guide and proprietor of the hunting territory on the Wapske and Gulquac, 
Mr. Charles Wright, who controls the ground at the big Deadwaters, Lindsay 
Brook and vicinity, Mr. Donald MacKay and Mr. Wm. Carson, guides on Clearwater 
and Rocky Brook, and Mr. James Barter, proprietor of Barter’s Hotel at the Forks, 
to all of these men, generous of their time and knowledge, I wish to make my 
grateful acknowledgments. 
* This Branch was surveyed to Foreston by Jacob Allen in 1831, but for the 
remainder our maps are simply composites made up from sketches taken in con- 
nection with land surveys. It is largely settled, from near its source to its mouth, 
by expansion of native New Brunswick settlers from the River Saint John, and 
the origin and progress of its settlement is traced in the Transactions of the 
Royal Society of Canada, X, 1904, ii, 94-108. On the Franquelin-DeMeulles map 
