ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
187 
Paternal and Maternal Nuclear Substance in Development of 
Cyclops.* * * § — Dr. Y. Hacker describes his observations as to the inde- 
pendence of the paternal and maternal nuclear substance in the 
development of Cyclops, a subject which has been at the same time 
investigated by K ticker t. The most important result is that in the 
first and third cleavages the two chromatin groups are distinguishable. 
The paternal and maternal components remain not merely separate in 
space, but they retain a certain degree of physiological independence. 
It seems as if the two nuclear groups entered into different and perhaps 
antagonistic relations with the cytoplasm. 
Phyllopods of Japan.f — Dr. C. Ishikawa describes Moina Weismanni 
sp. n. The head has a slight indentation above the eye ; the anal claws 
have a longitudinal row of very fine setae, a row of larger ones on the 
proximal third ; the setae of the first pair of legs are unequal in the 
female, and equal in the male ; on the anterior and on the ventral edge 
of the shell there is a sparse row of setae ; the ephippium has reticulate 
markings and contains a single oval egg ; the sperm-cell is spherical, 
with an excentric nucleus. The male is smaller than the female, and 
appears at the second partlienogenetic generation. 
Annulata. 
A new Earthworm— Kynotus cingulatus.J — Dr. W. B. Benham 
describes this new species from Tmerina in Madagascar. One of the 
most striking characters of the genus is the great number and small 
size of the segments composing the body ; a second feature is the 
amount of secondary annulation, which is very deceptive. ITke specimen 
described had 356 rings, mostly true segments, and a length of 225 mm. 
Its external features and internal structure are described. 
Inter alia, the author notes that we can distinguish at least four 
kinds of apparatus for holding two copulating worms together : — 
(1) The penis-like terminal duct of the spermiducal gland of Peri - 
chseta , Acanthodrilus, and other worms, which appears to be capable of 
pleurecbolic eversion and is presumably received by the copulatory sac, 
a portion of the spermatheca ; 
(2) “ Suckers ” such as Benham has described in Microchseta papillata , 
perhaps including the terminal “ atrium ” of the sperm-duct of Criodrilus , 
and perhaps of Geoscolex ; 
(3) Muscular “ claspers ” in Kynotus and Siphonogaster , and perhaps 
in Eudrilidae ; 
(4) Tubercula pubertatis of the Lumbricidae, Sparganopliilus , Bhino- 
drilus , &c., which secrete a fluid. 
Living Earthworm in Ice.§ — Herr H. Reeker found (in the month 
of July) a living earthworm ( Lumbricus rubellus Hoffm.) inside a piece 
of natural ice. He supposes that it probably came from the earth used 
to cover the blocks, that it got among the ice during a thaw in February 
or March, and that it was enclosed by subsequent freezing of adjacent 
* Arch. f. Mikr. Anat., xlvi. (1895) pp. 579-618 (3 pis.), 
f Zool. Mag. Tokyo, viii. (1896) pp. 1-6 (1 pi., not there), 
t Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci., xxxviii. (1896) pp. 445-63 (2 pls.)> 
§ Zool. Anzeig., xix. (1896) pp. 3-5. 
