ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICBOSCOPY, ETC. 
333 
irregularly branched jointed filaments living in the cell-walls of various 
Algae ; filaments often anastomosing, sometimes loosely united laterally ; 
monosporanges formed from portions either of the terminal cells of 
the principal axes or of short swollen one- or few-celled lateral branches ; 
the undifferentiated portions of the cells forming cup-like bases for the 
sporanges. 
Trailliella. — Fronds composed of monosiphonous branching jointed 
filaments; primary filaments procumbent, attached to the substratum 
by disc-shaped cells ; secondary filaments arising from the primary 
filaments, erect, branching ; tetraspores immersed, formed from a portion 
of the cell-contents of cells in the continuity of the frond, irregularly 
cruciate ; cystocarps and antherids unknown ; tetraspores formed in an 
analogous manner to the monospores of J ffliodochsete. Near to Spermo- 
thamnion. 
Fertilisation of Batrachospermum.* — Mr, B. M. Davis asserts that 
in the species of Batrachospermum examined by him, belonging to 
different sections of the genus, there is no true process of impregnation, 
understanding by that term the fusion of a male and female nucleus. 
The trichogyne is a separate cell, having a well-defined nucleus, and, 
when young, a chromatophore. The carpogone is the cell situated 
immediately below the trichogyne, and is connected with it by a strand 
of protoplasm ; it contains a central nucleus. The antherozoids contain, 
at an early stage, a body certainly derived from the chromatophore of 
the vegetative cells. The fertilisation of the procarp is accomplished 
when the trichogyne becomes separated from the carpogone. The 
exciting cause of the process of fertilisation is the cytoplasmic fusion of 
one antherozoid with the contents of the trichogyne. The nucleus may 
never leave the antherozoid to enter the trichogyne. No portion of it 
appears ever to reach the carpogone. A process of fragmentation of the 
nuclei of both trichogyne and antherozoid very frequently begins soon 
after the fertilisation of the carpogone. The cystocarp consists of 
many fertile filaments, all of which may be traced back to the carpo- 
gone. 
Coleochsete.'f — Under the name Coleochsete Nitellarum sp. n., Dr. L. 
dost describes a new species found abundantly in Germany and else- 
where, but only on species of Nitella and on uncorticated species of 
Ghara, and differing from all the species hitherto known in being 
endophytic instead of epiphytic, its rhizoids penetrating into the 
membrane of the host-plant. It is most nearly allied to C. irregularis , 
and is propagated by both sexual and non-sexual modes. The swarm- 
spores resemble those of the other species ; the antherids can apparently 
be formed from any vegetative cell; the oogones are formed from a 
single usually marginal cell. 
In G. scutata the oogones and antherids may occur on the same 
plant ; the oogones are terminal cells of a radial row. In G. pulvinata 
the oogone always contains, before impregnation, only a single nucleus. 
No expulsion of protoplasm was observed from the normal oogone; 
apparently a thickening layer beneath the apex of the oogone swells up 
* Ann. Bot., x. (1896) pp. 49-76 (2 pis.). 
t JJer. Deutsch. Bot. Gesell., xiii. (1895) pp. 438-52 (1 pi.). 
1896 2 A 
