ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
405 
twenty-four were new, and sixteen were referred to already described 
Old World forms. In almost all cases where already known Old World 
species were found, they were on birds identical or closely allied in 
species with Old World birds. The species of Mallophaga are many, 
isolation of variations being likely to occur, but the genera aro few. 
Migration from one species to another is evidently rare, except in cases 
of actual contact. 
Destruction of Mosquitoes.* — The ‘American Naturalist’ reports 
that Mr. L. 0. Howard has made a discovery which will probably be of 
practical importance. He finds that a thin film of oil on the surface 
of the water where they breed will destroy the larvae of mosquitoes. If 
this be true, the habitable part of the earth in many latitudes must be 
greatly increased in extent by this discovery. We may add that 
experienced travellers are amused by this notice. 
B. Myriopoda. 
Phylogeny of Lithobiidge.j — Dr. T. Garbo wski gives a systematic 
account of the known species of Lithobius , and three ingeniously con- 
trived analytic tables of the sub-groups Archilithobius , Lithobius s. str., 
Pseudolitliobius , and Polijbothrus. The suggested phyletic arrangement 
is the following : — 
Pseudolithobius 
Lithobius s. str. 
Archilithobius 
Archilithobius 
Polijbothrus 
Henicops 
? Primitive form 
Notes on Myriopods.l — Dr. 0. Yerhoeff observes that, while Chilo- 
gnatlia cannot climb on vertical glass plates, Polyxenidae can. There 
are three minute blunt processes at the end of the last tarsals, and 
besides these there is a small evaginated vesicle which acts as a sucker. 
In these forms (Pselaphognathae) the tracheae dichotomise as in Chilo- 
gnatlia-Opisthandria ; there are no tracheal pouches. The Cliilognatha- 
Opisthandria are midway between Proterandria and Pselaphognatha. 
* Amer. Natural., xxix. (1896) p. 986. 
t Zool. Jalirb. (Abth. Syst.), ix. (1896) pp. 244-70 (1 pi.). 
+ Zool. Anzeig., xix. (1896) pp. 160-3 (2 figs.). 
2 F 
1896 
