ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
533 
tion occurs by means of bi-flagellate zoospores. Its position is probably 
among the Hydrurina, which may be divided into Hydruraceae with 
Hydrurus and Phseodermatium , and Phaeocystaceae with Phseocystis. 
Myxosporidia of Pike and Perch.* — Dr. L. Cohn first describes 
Myxidium Lieberlcuhnii , from the urinary bladder of the pike. About 
90 per cent, of the fishes examined were infected, and the infection 
seemed to bear no relation to sex or age. It is probable that budding 
replaces sporulation in winter. 
Fully developed Myxidia are large plasmic masses of very variable 
shape, showing three concentric zones, ecto-, meso-, and endoplasm. 
The endoplasm is most fluid and richest in granules; the mesoplasm 
has greater consistence and a fine granulation ; the ectoplasm is toughest 
and quite hyaline. There are processes resembling lobose pseudopodia 
or simple and branched bristles, the former consisting partly or mainly 
of mesoplasm, the latter of ectoplasm solely. Sometimes the whole 
surface is covered with villosities, but there is no external membrane. 
There seems little warrant for regarding Myxidia as plasmodial com- 
binations. Various enclosures occur in the endoplasm, apparently of 
the nature of excretions. The organism multiplies by budding, and 
thus further infects the bladder, or by spindle-shaped, binucleate spores 
in closed “ pansporoblasts.” It is by the spores that the infection spreads 
from host to host. Nutrition is effected by sinking the anterior end 
into the epithelial cells. 
Cohn proceeds to describe six species of Myxobolus, two of which 
are new. The spores are bilaterally symmetrical, with two polar cor- 
puscles at the pointed pole and a vacuole in the plasma. Some are 
tailed, others not, but this seems of little importance. Except M. medius 
and M. brevis , which occur in the ureters of Gastrosteus aculeatus and 
Pygosteus pungifins, all are found within the tissues. 
Chlamydomyxa montana.t — Prof. E. Ray Lankester gives an ac- 
count of this new species of the interesting genus which was first 
described more than twenty years ago by Mr. Archer. Whenever suit- 
able opportunity — that is to say, his presence in a moorland country 
with Sphagnum bogs — has rendered it possible that he might find 
Chlamydomyxa , Prof. Lankester has made a point of searching for it, and 
he has found it at Pontresina and at Zermatt. Unfortunately, he has 
only once seen the creature in an expanded condition, in most cases only 
being able to observe the cysts. It is probable that the latter end of 
June, or the beginning of July, is the best time for observing Chlamydo- 
myxa in an uncysted condition. After giving an account of the charac- 
ters and structure of the new species, which is well illustrated by 
Prof. Lankester’s own drawings, he proceeds to discuss the affinities of 
this remarkable form. He does not think that either his observation or 
the progress of our knowledge of the Protozoa in the last twenty-one 
years enables us definitely to assign to Chlamydomyxa its position in 
relation to other naked Protozoa. The author cannot agree with Prof. 
Geddes that it should be regarded as related to the Algae. The most 
remarkable feature, in which this organism differs from all other Pro- 
* Zool. Jalirb. (Abth. Anat. Ontog.), ix. (1896) pp. 227-72 (2 pis.). 
t Quart. Journ. Mikr. Sci., xxxix. (1896) pp. 233-44 (2 pis.). 
