ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
51 
from sixteen to a hundred; this extraordinary rango leads to the sus- 
picion (raised by a late experience) that “ I and others in the past may 
have been deceived by a few of the tentacles being very conspicuous, 
when in reality many others may have been present in addition.” 
A detailed account is given of the British members of the family 
Cyntliiidae. 
Ascidians of Minorca.* — Herr H. Heiden found a considerable 
number of new species in a collection from olf this island. Diazona 
hyalina sp. n. is described from a single colony, which showed nowhere 
any signs of having been fixed. Of Gystodites there are three new 
species — C. inflatus , G. polyorchis, and G. irregularis. Distomus triden- 
tatus sp. n. is of a bluish-green colour ; Distaplia intermedia sp. n. is 
allied to D. magnilarva and D. luhrica. Of Amaroecium, A. Blochmanni, 
A. Willi, A. fimbriatum, A. robustum, and A. Bodriguezi are new ; the last 
is named after Herr Rodriguez, and not the island of that name. 
Leptochirum infundibulum and L. verrucosum are also new. 
New Doliolum.j — Dr. A. Borgert describes Doliolum nationale sp. n. 
from the Atlantic. It is nearly allied to D. denticulatum. The branchial 
apparatus is fastened dorsally beside the second muscle-hoop, and ven- 
trally between the fourth and fifth hoops ; the endostyle lies between 
the second and fourth ; the intestine is bent and ends behind the sixth 
hoop on the right side ; the ovary lies in the sixth intermuscular space ; 
the testis lies parallel to the longitudinal axis, and has an elongated 
club-shape. 
Arthropoda. 
Arthropoda.J — Prof. E. Perrier, in the third part of his ‘ Traite de 
Zoologie,’ treats of the embryonic, or as they are wrongly called larval, 
forms of Crustacea methodically, by taking as the initial term the cases 
where freedom from the egg commences with the Nauplius-stage, where 
the body is only formed by the successive addition of segments in front 
of the telson. The free embryonic forms actually known are derived 
from these normal or primitive types, thus : — (i.) Extension takes place 
at a more or less advanced period in development ; (ii.) instead of the 
ordinary formation of segments in front of the telson, a second is added 
behind the cephalothorax, and sometimes there is a third between the 
primitive head and the true thorax ; (iii.) abdominal segments are formed 
faster and even sooner than the thoracic segments ; (iv.) thoracic seg- 
ments get in advance of the abdominal segments. 
Secondary modifications result from the time of appearance of the 
cephalic segments, the more or less rapid changes undergone by the 
appendages, and so on. These considerations apply as well to embryos 
which are developed within the envelopes of the egg as to free embryos, 
and may be extended to all classes of Arthropods. 
With regard to Insects, a methodical grouping of the facts known as 
to the development of vesicating Coleoptera suffices to show that the 
metamorphoses of Sitaris humeralis are only the end of a series of phe- 
nomena of hibernating and larval adaptations, and that they are not 
* Zool. Jahrb. (Syst. Abth.), vii. (1893) pp. 341-64 (1 p].). 
t Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zool., lvi. (1893) pp. 402-8 (1 fig.). 
X Comptes Rendus, cxvii. (1893) pp. 652-4. 
E 2 
