ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
59 
to a consideration of the nomenclature and systematic relations. The 
characters of the family are stated in the following diagnoses : — The 
body-form is usually compressed, often large, with much reduced, and 
in the female markedly shortened abdomen ; the head is separate from 
the thorax, and there is a transverse delimitation of the anterior part of 
the head ; the fourth and fifth thoracic segments are usually fused ; the 
abdomen of the male has five segments, with a short terminal segment 
and elongated symmetrical furcal branches ; the abdomen of the female 
has from 3-1 joints, is usually unsymmetrical, often bears conical or 
spine-like outgrowths, with expanded furcal branches and thickly fea- 
thered, often fan-like furcal setrn. The tripartite median eye protrudes 
spherically beneath the rostrum, and there are two dorsal eyes usually 
with corneal lenses. The anterior antennm have 24 or 25 joints, often 
reduced by fusion of certain joints of the basal half. The right antenna 
of the male is prehensile, usually with a much swollen median region 
of 13-16 or 17 joints, and with four smooth or toothed setal ridges on 
the geniculate joints. The accessory branch of the posterior antenna 
is reduced, with no intermediate joint, and with short terminal joints. 
The mandibles have a strong toothed blade and two-branched palps. The 
maxillae have a rudimentary third basal piece, elongated inconspicuous 
epipodial pieces, and short reduced inner and outer branches. The 
anterior maxillipede is very well developed, with strong spinose hooked 
setae. The basal piece of the posterior maxillipede is strongly developed, 
with three finger-like lobes on the inner margin, each bearing spinose 
setae ; the simple intermediate joint is much reduced ; the terminal piece 
has 3-5 joints. The inner branch of the four swimming feet,*is short, 
slight, and two-jointed, that of the first pair is three-jointed. The fifth 
pair of feet in the female are symmetrical, with quite rudimentary inner 
branches ; in the male, that on the right has a prehensile chela, that on 
the left has a hooked terminal joint. A revision of species is given. 
New Observations on Cyclops.* — Prof. C. Claus describes five stages 
in the development of Cyclojps, the characters of the integument and of 
the furcal setae, the receptaculum seminis and its glandular apparatus 
for forming egg-sacs, the minute structure and the development of the 
antennae and of the male’s prehensile antennae in particular. 
Skeleton of Copepoda.f — Prof. C. Claus discusses the so-called 
“ abdominal vertebrae ” ( Bauchwirbel ) on the integumentary skeleton of 
Copepods and the associated median plates between the natatory 
appendages. He refers especially to the researches of Zenker and of 
Hartog, expands his own previous description of the complex structures 
in question, and compares their relations in the different families of 
Copepods. 
Ovum of Branchipus.J — Hr. A. Brauer has followed the ovum 
of Branchipus Grubii v. Dyb. from its origin until the time of laying. 
The most important result of his work is his corroboration, in almost 
all important points, of the results reached by Van Beneden and Boveri 
in regard to Ascaris. We shall restrict ourselves to giving ^rauer’s 
* Arbeit. Zool. Inst. Univ. Wien (Claus), x. (1893) pp. 283-356 (7 pis.). 
f Tom. cit., pp. 217-32 (3 pis.). 
X Abb. K. Preuss. Akad. d. Wise., 1892, p. 66 (3 pis.). 
