118 
SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 
(6) Miscellaneous. 
The late Dr. Kutzing. — Traugott Friedrich Kutzing, the Nestor of 
European algologists, died at Nordhausen on the 7th of September, 1893, 
in the eighty-seventh year of his age. Kiitzing had withdrawn for so 
many years from practical scientific work and from scientific literature, 
that he belongs altogether to a past generation. He was one of the first 
to place the study of Algae, and especially of seaweeds, on a scientific 
foundation. As a describer and delineator he was almost unrivalled, 
and a very large number of his genera and species still hold their place 
in all works on algology. His ‘ Phycologia Generalis,’ published in 
1843, his ‘Tabulae Phycologicae,’ issued in 20 volumes between 1845 
and 1870, with 2000 illustrations which are still of the greatest use 
to all workers on the lower forms of vegetable life, and his ‘ Species 
Algarum,’ published in 1849, were among the first general systematic 
works on Algae in which modern principles of classification were em- 
ployed. This was a period of great activity in algology. Nearly con- 
temporaneously with these classical works appeared also Harvey’s 
‘Phycologia Britannica’ (1846-1851), Hassall’s ‘British Freshwater 
Algae’ (1845), Nageli’s ‘Die neuern Algensysteme ’ (1847), and 
Agardh’s ‘Species, genera, et ordines Algarum’ (1848-1880). Even 
before that time Kutzing had published (in 184l) his ‘ Umwandlung 
niederen Algenformen in hohere ’ ; and in 1844 appeared his ‘ Die kiesel- 
schalige Bacillarieen oder Diatomeen,’ the first important work on the 
structure of diatoms. The first discovery of the siliceous nature of the 
shell of the diatom is due to Kutzing rather than to Ehrenberg. Since 
1870 nothing has appeared from his pen. Kiitzing’s extensive type- 
collection of Algae is at the University of Leyden. 
Prof. A. Milnes Marshall. — We have to express our sympathy 
with the Manchester Microscopical Society in the sudden death of their 
President, who, as the daily papers will have informed our readers, 
met with a fatal accident on Scawfell on December 31st last. But it is 
not only the Manchester Microscopical Society, nor Owens College, 
which has lost one of the most distinguished of its Professors, that has 
to lament his loss. He was in the van of morphological science in this 
country, and his text-books on the ‘ Frog,’ on ‘ Practical Zoology,’ and on 
‘ Embryology ’ have taken the first place among the handbooks for the 
biological student. He was associated with the late Prof. Balfour in the 
early stages of the formation of the now famous School of Morphology at 
Cambridge, and as Professor in Manchester he was the teacher of 
several morphologists who have already distinguished themselves. His 
early death at the age of 41 calls to mind that of A. H. Garrod and of 
W. A. Forbes, like himself Fellows of St. John’s College, Cambridge, 
and adds another to the many severe losses which morphology has 
suffered in this country during the last fifteen years. Lately he 
assisted in the editorship of our valued contemporary the ‘ Quarterly 
Journal of Microscopical Science.’ 
Prof. P. J. Van Beneden. — The Society has lost, by the death of 
Prof. Van Beneden, on the 8th of January last, one of the most venerable 
and distinguished of its Honorary Fellows. Somewhat younger than 
Owen, for he had only just entered his eighty-fifth year, P. J, Van 
