ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICKOSCOPY, ETC. 567 
plates, and cause tlie disappearances of all but the last of the appendages 
on the right side of the body. Lomis , on the other hand, is descended 
from forms that have been but slightly modified by pagurid life, and 
retain parts which are lost or vestigial in the Lithodinse. The Paguridfe, 
therefore, may be divided into the Pagurinse, Lithodime, and Limosinas. 
Habits of Pilumnus hirtellus.* — M. E. G. Racovitza has found this 
Crab in comparative abundance near Banyuls. He describes some 
observations which prove that the creature finds its prey by hearing, 
and not by sight ; indeed, it does not seem to use its eyes. It has the 
sense of direction largely developed, but it is clear that it acts by 
instinct and not by intelligence. 
Thelphusse from Eastern Africa. | — Prof. F. Jeffrey Bell calls 
attention to three species of Thelphusa from Eastern Africa, and points 
out that their range would seem to indicate that the line of demarcation 
between North and South Africa lies south of Mount Elgon, and north 
of Kilimanjaro ; the distribution of some Mollusca appears to favour 
this view. 
Entomostraca of Wanstead Park.t — Mr. D. J. Scourfield records 
the results of observations made during the three years 1890-91-92 on 
the Entomostraca of Wanstead Park, an enclosed part of Epping 
Forest. The total number of species found was sixty, being about two- 
fifths of the whole freshwater forms at present known to be British. 
One of the Ostracoda is new to science. The periodicity of many species, 
including some Copepoda and Ostracoda, is shown and special attention 
drawn to the seasonal distribution of the Cladocera, the species of which 
appear to reach their maximum development at Wanstead Park in Sep- 
tember, and their minimum in January. The time of appearance of males 
and ephippial females is also noted and compared with that of the parthe- 
nogenetic females. Tables are appended giving the details upon which 
the results are based. 
Vermes, 
a. Annelida. 
Habits of AmphictenidseJ — Mr. A. T. Watson, who has had several 
specimens of Pectinaria or Lagis under observation, reports that the 
worms buried themselves more or less completely in the sand, entering 
it by digging with their combs (as with a fork), and making a passage 
through which the wide portion of the tube first passed ; the narrower 
end is frequently left projecting from the sand, and by it the refuse of 
the animal is expelled. The head-bristles or ‘ c golden curls ” are used 
not only for the purpose of digging, but also, probably, for sifting the 
sand, and thus enabling the animal to select food and suitable material 
for building. Digging goes on all day. 
The author thinks that each tube is the lifework of its tenant, and 
that it is not shed from time to time, for the following reasons ; it 
appears to take a very long time to construct, the small end is often so 
minute that it was, evidently, formed when the worm was very much 
* Arch. Zool. Exper., iii. (1894) pp. 49-54. 
t Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.. i894, p. 1G6. 
X Journ. Quek. Micr. Club, v. (1893) pp. 161-178. 
§ Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., xiv. (1894) pp. 43 and 4 (1 fig.). 
