ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
683 
the three or four somites which succeed the pharyngeal segment. The 
bundles of gland-cells are invested by a peritoneal epithelium. 
New or little-known OligochEeta.* * * § — Mr. F. E. Beddard describes 
three new species, and has some notes on Henlea ventriculosa and Cnjpto- 
drilus spatulifer. The author proposes to merge his genus Bhododrilus 
in Rosa’s Microscolex , and offers an emended definition of the genus. 
Pontodrilus hesperidum sp. n., from Jamaica, is a representative of a 
family that has, so far as is known, but few species in the New World. 
Henlea ventriculosa is shown to have a very wide geographical range. 
Fridericia antarctica sp. n. is a long thin Enchytrasid from New Zealand, 
remarkable for the presence in the three segments behind the male pores 
of sensory papillae connected with specialized regions of the nerve- 
cord. 
Revision of Lumbricid8e.| — Dr. D. Rosa recognizes four genera : — 
Lumbricus , with six certain species, Allolobophora with forty-nine, Allurus 
with six, and Criodrilus with one. The memoir contains a general 
account of Lumbricidae, diagnoses of the genera and species, lists of 
doubtful and spurious species, and the like. Its importance to system- 
atists is obvious. The plates noted in the reference are diagrammatic 
expressions of the position of the clitellum and tubercula pubertatis in 
the species of Allolobophora. 
Eye of Leech.f — Miss H. B. Merrill has studied the eyes of various 
Leeches and finds that Whitman’s discovery of tactile and visual cells 
in the eye of Clepsine may be extended to other genera ; the visual cells 
are arranged in a single layer round the axial nerve-fibres, except on 
one side, where the layer may be two or three cells thick. These cells 
contain a large crescentic vacuole surrounded by a layer of protoplasm, 
in the most thickened part of which is the small nucleus ; and they are 
surrounded by the pigment layer. This last is made up of a single layer 
of small quadrangular cells, and outside it is a layer of connective tissue. 
The tactile cells are found at an opening on the upper part of the eye ; 
over the top and at the side of the pigment cap the epidermal cells 
become elongated to two or three times their normal length ; they are 
probably provided with sense hairs, similar to those found by Whitman 
in Clepsine and Nephelis. 
Efferent Canal of Glossiphonid8e.§ — M. H. Bolsius finds that the 
common efferent duct of these Leeches is dorsal in position, and that the 
testes are suspended to it ; it communicates by a funnel with the testes, 
on the inner surface of which it is spread out ; there is no special 
muscular apparatus for closing the duct or the testis. 
Gill-like Organs of Sipunculus.|| — Dr. W. Fischer, after calling 
attention to the doubts raised as to the once generally accepted view 
that the tentacles of Sipunculids are respiratory organs, describes the 
presence, on the mid-body of Sipunculus mundanus, of long villiform 
processes of the skin. These contain tegumentary spaces, and have a 
* Proc. R. Phys. Soc. Edinb., 1892-3 (1893) pp. 30-45 (3 figs.). 
t Mem. E. Accad. Sci. Torino, xliii. (1893) pp. 399-476 (2 pis.). 
+ Zool. Anzeig., xvii. (1894) pp. 286-8 (1 fig.). 
§ Tom. cit., pp. 292-5 (2 figs.). [| Tom. cit., pp. 333-5. 
