ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
687 
Y ' In the digestive apparatus a large muscular pharynx and a stomach 
can be distinguished ; there is no true buccal cavity, and no pharyngeal 
pouch. The pharynx is divided into three parts by a median girdle of 
numerous unicellular glands, which pour their secretion into its lumen. 
The stomach is so constricted as to consist of a right and a left lobe, 
which are connected by a broad transverse band. The nucleus of the 
gastric cells is of considerable size. 
Various other details as to structure are given, and, throughout, 
comparison is carefully made with Weber’s description of T. Semperi. 
Monograph on Distomum.* — Dr. A. Looss gives a monographic 
account of the structure and development of this genus, based on the 
study of 13 species, six from Fishes (including D. isoporum sp. n.) and 
seven from Frogs (including D. confusum sp. n.). He describes the 
structure and development of the skin, alimentary canal, nervous system, 
excretory apparatus, and in greatest detail the reproductive organs. As 
a mere instance of his work, we may refer to his discussion of the Laurer 
canal. He shows that it has no connection with impregnation, but 
functions as an efferent canal especially for the unused spermatozoa. 
The uterus of Distomum with its terminal vaginal portion corresponds 
to the vagina of tapeworms, and the uterus of the latter, in spite of the 
different position of the apertures, is homologous with the Laurer canal. 
New Human Tape-Worm.f — Profs. I. Ijijma.and T. Kurimoto de- 
scribe a new species of Bothriocephalus found in Man, which is very 
large, and is remarkable for being furnished with double genital ducts 
and openings in each proglottis. It is closely allied to, if not identical 
with, one of the species already described from Seals ; in support of this 
view it is noted that the patient who discharged it resided continually 
at the sea-side. This patient suffered from general ill-health, on which 
gradual anaemia supervened. A dose of male fern resulted in the dis- 
charge of a tapeworm 10 metres in length, and, at its broadest, 25 mm. 
in breadth. Immediately after its discharge, it is hardly necessary to 
add, “ all the complaints the man had suffered from for so many years 
entirely disappeared.” The authors add notes on their examination of 
various proglottids,. 
Taenia nana and flavopunctata. i — Dr. A. Lutz records a case of 
Taenia flavopunctata which occurred in Brazil. The patient was a child 
two years old who evacuated the head and tail of a small tapeworm. 
This had four suckers, between which lay a pretty large rostellum devoid 
of hooklets. The number of joints was about 960, of which some were 
sterile. The last proglottides were quite full of eggs. The worm was 
identified as T. flavopunctata (Hymenolepns, Weinland). The author 
agrees with Grassi that the usual host of this species is the rat. 
The author also met with T. nana in a young child which passed 
pieces of tapeworm having on the average about 190 joints ; the eggs 
were oval, of variable size, and showed papillae at the poles. The head 
was not found. 
* Bibliotheca Zoologica (Leuckart and Chun) Heft xvL (1894) pp. 236 (9 pis). 
t Joum. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Japan, vi. (1894) pp. 371-86 (1 pi.). 
X Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk., xiv. (1894) pp. 61-7. 
