7 
Bryozoci from Madeira , By A. W. Waters. 
At Mr. Johnson's request, I have examined a collection which he 
sent to me for the purpose, and am able to add 26 to the lists already 
given, making a total of 93, and have been able to make preparations 
of the cliitinous parts of several species. 
The Membraniporidae I have dealt with in a paper recently pub- 
lished by the Linnean Society.* 
Out of 93 species now known, the large proportion of Mediter- 
ranean forms (51) is very noticeable ; and no doubt direct comparison 
of some of the other species would establish further identity between 
the two districts. As the lists are more complete for the district of 
the Bay of Naples than for other Mediterranean localities, we might 
almost write Neapolitan instead of Mediterranean. 
The number of species common to the British area is 36, and 
there are 16 Floridan species. 
Unquestionably, there are still many other species to be found off 
Madeira, as no Ctenostomata are known, and we may feel sure that 
more than one Flustra and one Cellaria occur ; and other similar cases 
might be mentioned. 
This collection shows how much a careful revision of the three 
genera Schizoporella, Lepralia, and Cellepora is required ; and at one 
time I intended to do something in this direction in connection with 
the present paper. We are finding in various families that there are 
groups in which there is a co -relation between the shape of the aper- 
ture and the form of the ovicell ; and by carefully examining these 
characters, and any others that are available, we shall be led to dis- 
tinguish many natural groups. 
Schizoporella at present includes species having an aperture 
with a nearly straight edge and a median slit into which a movable 
tongue fits, as S. Cecilii Aud., S. circinata MacGf., S. pes anseris 
Smitt (fig. 8). Then there are some with a median slit, but without a 
movable tongue, as S. vulgaris Moll (fig. 11), S. acuminata Hincks, 
S. cribraria H., &c., and S. auriculata Hass., in which the sinus is 
wider. In the next group the inferior margin is a wide curve, and it 
does not seem correct, where the lower lip is the segment of a circle, 
to speak of “ a sinus on the lower lip,” and the use of the term sinus 
requires restriction. Here we must place S. biaperta Mich., S. mar - 
supifera B., S. tumicla Hincks, S. furcata B., S. hevigata Waters. 
The opercula of this group are similar to those of Cellepora pumicosa 
Busk, Lagenipora lucida H., &c., having the muscular dots in the 
same position ; and the opercula of Bhynchozoon are almost the same, 
though the muscular dots are nearer to the border. 
Another group of Schizoporella has a more triangular operculum, 
as S. triangula H., S. arrogata Waters, S. venusta Norm. (fig. 23), 
S. subimmersa MacG. 
In Lepralia, the operculum has a ridge at the side for the 
muscular attachment, and among the Lepralim there are forms in 
* Journ. Linn. Soc. (Zool.), vol. xxvi. p. 654, pis. xlvii.-xlxix. 
