ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 42D 
was less resistant to acid than the tubercle bacillus. Unlike the tubercle 
bacillus, the new pseudo-tubercle bacillus developed well at room temp>e- 
rature in gelatin thrust-cultures. Though the original source appears to 
have been a guinea-pig infected with butter, pure cultures failed to 
produce any pathogenic effect in guinea-pigs, rabbits, fowls, or pigeons. 
White mice, however, were susceptible when intraperitoneally injected. 
Peptonising Diplococcus.* * * § — Dr. W. G. MacCallum and Dr. T. W. 
Hastings give a detailed description of Micrococcus zymogenes, which 
was isolated from a case of ulcerative endocarditis.f It is a small 
somewhat elongated diplococcus, occurring sometimes in chains of four,, 
though usually in pairs. It is easily stained by the usual anilin pig- 
ments and by Gram’s method. It was cultivated in the ordinary media 
with success. Milk was acidified and coagulated, the clot being soon 
peptonised. The milk then assumed a purplish or yellowish colour, and 
still later a blood-red hue ; this reaction was constant. Blood-serum and 
gelatin were liquefied. M. zymogenes is a potential anaerobe, and is killed 
in five minutes at 60°-65°. Laboratory animals succumb to inoculation 
with pure cultures. The most interesting experiment was on a dog 
whose aortic valve had been intentionally damaged and the animal intra- 
venously infected. The animal was killed after a few days, and on the 
damaged valve vegetations were found, and also extension-deposits on 
the mitral valve. From these vegetations M. zymogenes was isolated. 
Presence of Frisch’s Bacillus in the Nasal Mucosa.J — Hr. A. De 
Simoni is convinced of the not infrequent occurrence of capsule bacilli 
in the nasal mucosa of man and animals, and from studying the biological 
and morphological characters of these bacteria has been forced to the 
conclusion that they are all varieties of a single species, of which the 
pneumobacillus is the chief representative ; the extreme examples being 
found in Frisch’s bacillus ( Bhinoscleroma ) and Bacillus mucosus. The 
material examined was taken from cases of acute and chronic nasal 
catarrh, and from the nasal secretion of rabbits, guinea-pigs, and dogs. 
Frisch’s bacillus was isolated nine times out of 76 examinations. 
Bacillus enteritidis sporogenes.§ — Dr. E. Klein reports on the 
morphology and biology of B. enteritidis sjporogenes , its association with 
infantile diarrhoea and cholera nostras, and on its relations with milk, 
sewage, and manure. The microbe was first detected on the occasion of 
an outbreak of diarrhoea amongst the patients of St. Bartholomew’s 
Hospital in October 1895. The organism is easily cultivated under 
anaerobic conditions in milk, in which it forms gas and acid. It is 
1*6— 4*8 p- in length and 0*8 p. in breadth. Spores 1*6 X 1-1*2 p are 
formed with great freedom, and usually towards the end of the rodlet. 
The cultivated spores are resistant to drying, and to a temperature of 
100° C. for one minute, while those obtained from the intestine will stand 
110° C. for 6 to even 10 minutes. The spores are easily cultivated in milk 
and on blood-serum. The microbe grows well on agar to which 2 per- 
cent. of grape-sugar has been added, and also on grape-sugar-gelatin, 
* Johns Hopkins Hospital Bull., x. (1899) pp. 46-7. 
+ See this Journal, ante, p. 320. 
X Centralbl. Bakt. u. Par., l te Abt., xxv. 0899) pp. 625-31. 
§ Kep. Local Govt. Board, 1897-8, pp. 210-50 (11 pis.). 
