ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
517 
out the connection between these deviations and corresponding biological 
variations. 
Uropyxis.* * * § — Herr P. Magnus maintains the independence of this 
genus of Uredineae, as distinct from Puccinia , although the bicellular 
structure of the teleutospores does not always hold good. He divides 
the genus into two sections ; the first with 3-celled teleutospores, com- 
prising only U. deglubens, parasitic on Leguminosae in North America ; 
the other with 2-celled teleutospores, including all the remaining 
species, found on Leguminosae, on Berberis, and on Fraxinus. 
Phyllactinia.f — Herr E. Palla describes a new species of this genus 
of Uredineae, P. Berberidis sp. n., parasitic on the leaves of the barberry ; 
and adds some details as to the mode of parasitism in the genus. The 
hyphae which develop on the epiderm of the host-plant do not perforate 
the epidermal cells, but put out lateral hyphae through the stomates into 
the intercellular system of the spongy parenchyme, and it is only these 
intercellular hyphae which form haustoria. He proposes the division of 
the Erysiphaceae into two groups, the Erysipheae and the Phyllactinieae. 
In the former the mycele grows only superficially on the host-plant, and 
the haustoria penetrate the epidermal cells ; several conids are abstricted 
in succession from the conidiophore, and the ascospores are usually 
colourless. The latter group, consisting at present only of the genus 
Phyllactinium, is characterised by the development of an intercellular 
mycele ; the conidiophore produces only a single conid ; and the ascus 
and ascospores are coloured by yellow drops of oil. 
Parasitic Fungi. — Herr T. Kitzema Bos J gives a full account of a 
disease of the peony caused by Botrytis Pseonise ; also of one of the lily 
of the valley caused by an apparently identical species. 
Herren F. Wagner and P. Sorauer § have investigated a disease of 
lupins which they attribute to a parasitic fungus Pestalozzia Lupini 
sp. n. The species chiefly attacked are Lupinus CruiksJianksii and 
L. mutabilis. 
Mr. G. E. Stone and Mr. R. E. Smith || give a full description of 
the life-history of the asparagus-rust, Puccinia Asparagi, which has 
been very injurious to the cultivation of asparagus in the United 
States. 
Prof. G. Lagerheim^f describes a new disease of the lucerne caused 
in Ecuador by the attacks of a fungus belonging to the Chytridiaceae, 
identical with Urophlyctis pulposa which attacks Chenopodium glaucum ; 
also a new species of Empusa, E. pbalangicida , parasitic on spiders ; 
and Iola Lasioboli sp. n., on Lasiobolus equinus , the two latter in 
Sweden. 
Massee’s Text-book of Plant Diseases.** — In his Text-book of 
Plant Diseases caused by Cryptogamic Parasites, Mr. G. Massee first 
* Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Gesell., xvii. (1899) pp. 112-20 (2 figs.). 
t Tom. cit., pp. 64-72 (1 pi.). 
X Zeitschr. f. Pflanzenkrankheiten, viii. (1898) p 263. See Bot. Centralbl., 
lxxviii. (1899) p. 89. 
§ Tom. cit., p. 266 (1 pi.). See Bot. Central!)]., lxxviii. (1899) p. 377. 
H Mass. Agric. Coll. Bulletin, No. 61, 1899, 20 pp. and 2 pis. 
•f Bih. k. Svensk. Vet.-Akad. Handl., xxiv. (1898) Afd. 3, 21 pp. (3 pis. and 
2 figs.). ** London, 1899, xii. and 458 pp. and 92 figs. 
