ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
631 
Fungi. 
Apodya lactea.* — Mr. E. Turnbull finds this fungus, belonging to 
the Saprolegniaceae, in a polluted affluent of the Spey, and regards it 
as always an index of pollution in the water. He states that the 
branching is always lateial, and not dichotomous as usually stated; 
that the zoosporanges are developed as terminal shoots, and that the 
zoospores always germinate within the sporange. 
Parasitic Fungi.— Herr P. Magnus f gives a review of the species 
of 3Hcrosphsera, and of the characters which distinguish it from Ery- 
siphe, and describes as 31. Caraganse sp. n. the species parasitic on 
Caragana arborescens. 
Herr H. Boltshauser | describes a hitherto unknown parasitic fungus 
Ascocliyta Juglandis sp. n., which produces hard round spots on the 
leaves of the walnut. 
Herr H. 0. Juel § identifies Puccinia Polygoni vivipari with JEcidium 
Angelicse , and gives a resume of the secidia parasitic on various species 
of Umbelliferae. 
Herr P. Sorauer |] describes the various diseases caused by parasitic 
fungi in the species of Dianthus which grow in Germany. 
Mr. A. P. Anderson has found a new species of Tilletia , parasitic 
on the rice-plant, the first smut reported on the rice in America. 
Mr. A. J. Grant ** describes a little known mildew of the apple, 
Spliseroiheca 31ali, which attacks the apple-tree in North America. 
Herr F. Noack jf finds the following species parasitic on the vine 
in Brazil : — Peronospora viticola , Cercospora viticola , Oidium Tucker i, 
Gloeosporium ampelophagum , Melanconium fuligineum , and a new species 
of Uredineae, Apiosporium brasiliense. 
Under the name Septoria Azalese sp. n., Dr. P. Yoglino|| describes 
a fungus whieh attacks Azalea indica, causing the withering and sub- 
sequently the fall of the leaves. 
A parasitic fungus which attacks the roots of Viola tricolcr is de- 
scribed by Dr. A. N. Berlese,§§ under the name Cladochytrium Violse 
sp. n. 
Analogy of Nectria with the Parasitic Fungus of Human Cancer.llii 
— M. Bra has made some remarkable observations on the analogies 
presented by the cultures of Nectria ditissima , the fungus which pro- 
duces “canker” in trees, with those of the parasitic fungus which 
accompanies cancer in man and other animals. In the former case the 
cultures produced round spores about 1 p in diameter, agitated by a 
* Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh, xxi. (1898) pp. 109-13 (1 pi.). 
f Her. Deutsch. Bot. Gesell, xvii. (1899) pp. 145-51 (1 pi.). 
X Zeitschr. f. Pflanzenkrank., viii. (1898) p. 263. See Bot. Centralbl., lxxix. 
(1899) p. 71. 
§ Of. kongl. Vet.-Akad. Fork., 1899, pp. 5-19. See Bot. Centralbl., lxxix. (1899) 
p. 130. 
|| Zeitschr. f. Pflanzenkrank., viii. (1898) pp. 283-95. See Bot. Centralbl. lxxix. 
(1899) Beih., p. 530. f Bot. Gazette, xxvii. (1899) pp. 467-72 (4 figs.). 
** Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xxvi. (1899) pp. 373-5 (1 pi.). 
++ Zeitschr. f. Pflanzenkrank., ix. (1899) pp. 1-10 (4 figs.). See Hediwiga, xxxviii. 
(1899) Beibl , p. 162. ++ Malpighia, xi. (1899) pp. 73-86 (2 pis.). 
§§ Kiv. Patol. Veget., vii. (1898) pp. 162-70 (8 figs.). 
1111 Comptes Rendus, cxxix. (1899) pp. 118-20. 
