44 
of the species which he mentioned and named Tryplasma articulata The 
authors further refer T. articulata, Lonsdale, to their Cyathophyllum (?) 
Loveni 1 , describing the septal lamellae as larger and smaller alternately, 
close, thick, and with very close, strong teeth [septal spines], the primary 
septa corresponding to the intercostal grooves, and the secondary to the 
costae. 
1854, —Messrs. II. Milne-Ed wards and J. Haime used similar language 
in describing C. Loveni in their second work. 2 
1856-1857. — In 1856 the Chevalier E. d’Eichwald, in his “Geographical 
Distribution of Eussian Eossil Remains,” 3 and, in 1857, Dr. von Griinewaldt 
in a list of the Silurian fossils of the Ural, 4 record Tryplasma ccquahUis, 
Lonsdale, hut without further remarks other than the localities. 
1856. — The Brothers Sandberger described two species of Amplexus 
from the Stringocephalus' Limestone of Nassau — A. tortuosus, Phillips, 5 
and A. stigmatophorus, Sandb. 6 As to the first of these, no definite opinion 
can he passed, but no doubt need exist as to the nature of the second; the 
longitudinal view of the corallum, that of a weathered specimen, most 
unquestionably displays the perforations left by the dissolved-away septal 
spines. 
1858-1861. — Mr. E. de Eromental followed Edwards and Ilaime in 
uniting Tryplasma articulata , Lonsdale, with Cyathophyllum Loveni, 
Ed. and II. 7 
1861. — The Chevalier E. d’Eichwald, rather more cautious than 
Edwards and Haime, refers 8 to Tryplasma \Trypelasma he spelt it], as 
“ perhaps ” referrable to Cyathophyllum. He further described a coral 
from the Silurian rocks of the island of Oesel as Omphyma fastigiatum 9 
which Lindstrom subsequently included in his JP ho lid op hyll u rn tuhulatum. 
The septal spines, anchoring rootlets [radiciform processes], and calicinal 
budding figured by d’Eichwald at once denote its relation to Tryplasma. 
1 H. Milne-Ed wards and J. Haime — Loc. cit., p. 304. 
- H. Milne-Edwards and J. Haime — Mon. Brit. Foss. Corals, Pt. 5, 1854, p. 281, t. 66, f. 22a. 
3 Eichwald — Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou, 1856, No. 1 (1857), p- 110. 
* Griinewaldt — Notizen Versteinerungfuhrenden Gebirgsform. Ural, 1857, p. 23. 
5 Sandberger — Verstein. Rhein. Schichten. Nassau, Lief. 9, 1856, p. 413, t. 37, f. 5, 5a and b. 
6 Sandberger— Ibid., p. 413, t. 36, f 14a and b. Both of Sandberger’s species are referred by Freeh to 
Amplexus hercyiiicus, A. Roemer. 
7 Fromantal— Introd. Etude Polyp. Foss., 1858-61, p. 295. 
8 Eichwald — Lethsea Rossioa, 1861 (?), I, Pt. 2, p. 544. 
e Eichwald — Lethsea Rossica, 1861 (?), I, Pt. 2, p. 547, t. 29, f. 11, a-c. 
