73 
T. Lonsdale i and T. delicahda a small central or eccentric depression or pit 
is often to be seen, but it lias no connection with the septal lamellm, and 
cannot be regarded as representing a fossula. 
On the other hand, Mr. Rudolph Ludwig figured as Zaphrentis 
caudata / a coral from the German Devonian, with the most unmistakable 
septal characters of Try plasma, and, in addition, a large fossula. For this 
and cognate species, Mr. A. F. Foerste has suggested the name of Paloeo- 
cyathus , 1 2 and includes in it an Australian coral, Cyatliophyllum australe, 
Foerste, 3 common in the Downing beds, and which certainly is not a 
Tryplasma. It may possibly be, therefore, that Taloeocyathus will prove a 
convenient resting place for Tryplasma- like forms with a fossula. 
16. Gemmation . — Lonsdale described the budding of Tryplasma as 
parietal, “chiefly from the sides of the parent stem”; Dybowski said the 
gemmation of his Acanthodes was parietal also, and gave a figure 4 of A. 
lubulus in which it appears to be so, but at the same time mentioning its 
rarity. On the other hand, Lindstrom refers to that of JPholidophyllum as 
calicular. In my first description of T. Lonsdalei I favoured the view of 
Lonsdale and Dybowski, and believed I had detected a few instances of 
parietal budding in specimens from Hatton’s Corner, near Yass. 5 In the 
blocks of sub-fasciculate corallites from this locality it is very difficult to 
say exactly of what nature the budding is, but in a more recently collected 
specimen from a continuation of the same bed at Humewood, near Yass, 
it is so unquestionably calicular that I feel compelled to abandon my 
preconceived idea of the method in this species, more particularly as the var. 
scalariformis exhibits similar budding (PI. XXYI, figs. 8-10). 
In T. Lonsdalei, therefore, two buds arise from the parent calice 
(PI. X, fig. 3), and immediately diverge from one another, but in the 
variety previously mentioned the young corallites are united laterally for some 
distance before diverging (PI. XII, fig. 2). In T. congregationis two buds 
are present on one specimen (PI. XIII, fig. 1), united only for a short distance, 
and then bending outwards. In T. liliiformis two to three young corallites 
arise from within the mature expanded cup. The gemmation is single in 
T. welling tonensis, so far as known, the new corallite either continuing its 
upward course from an attenuated base, or at once filling the parent calice. 
1 Ludwig — Palaeon tographica, 136.5, XIV, Lief. 4, p. 170, t. 42, f. 2, 2 a, f. 
'• Foreste— Bull. Sci. Lab. Denison Univ. , 1888, III, f. 12a. 
3 Foreste — Loc. cit., p. 128, t. 13, f. 12-14. 
4 Dybowski — Mon. Zoantharia Scler. Rugosa, Pt. 1, 1873, t. 1, f. 13, section. 
5 Etheridge — Rec. Geol. Survey N. S. Wales, 1890, X, Pt. 1, p. 19. 
