ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
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none, or composed only of a thin irregular layer of hardened hypliae. 
Cornuella , Sorus hollow at maturity, the interior containing only loose 
hardened hyphae; spores compacted into a firm layer on the outside, 
resembling those of Entyloma , both in structure and in germination ; 
cortex none. 
Fungus-parasites of the Sugar-cane.* * * § — Herr W . Kruger describes the 
following diseases of the sugar-cane caused by the attacks of vegetable 
parasites which are destructive of the crop in Java. 
The “ dust- brand,” by Ustilago Sacchari. The mycele penetrates 
almost the entire plant ; the fructification makes its appearance at the 
apex of the stem or branches. 
The “ red-spots ” on the leaves are caused by Gercospora Kopkei 
sp. n. ; they appear first on the under, subsequently on the upper side of 
the leaves, and are at first yellow, afterwards red ; the mycele on the 
under side of the leaf puts out tufts of branches bearing white multi- 
cellular spores. A similar disease is caused by C. vaginse sp. n. 
The “ rust ” caused by Uromyces Kuhnii sp. n. Only the uredospores 
are at present known. 
The “ sclerote-disease ” appears in the form of a silver-white mycele 
on the under side of the leaves, which developes later into yellowish- 
white sclerotes. Its further history is unknown. 
Other diseases are probably produced by a Pythium and by a 
Bacterium resembling B. Termo. 
Fungus parasitic on Balanus.j — M. 0. Bommer describes a new 
pyrenomyeetous fungus, Pharcidia marina , growing on the shell of 
Balanus balanoides, in Holland. It produces small peritheces, 
117-207 /a , half imbedded in the calcareous substance of the shell, in a 
superficial layer of a unicellular alga belonging to the Chroococcaceae, 
which is permeated by a network of mycelial filaments. The asci are 
club-shaped and shortly pedicellate ; the spores oblong and uniseptate, 
12-18 p. by 4-7 p. 
New Genus of Fungi (Sphseropsideae)4 — Among a number of new 
species of fungi belonging to the Mucorini and Sphaeropsideae, M. E. 
Marchal describes the new genus Trichocrea , with the following dia- 
gnosis : — Perithecia superficialia, ovoidea, contextu parenchymatico, 
ceraceo-molliuscula, laeticoloria, initio clausa, demum late aperta, fere 
discoidea ; sporulae numerosissimae, cylindraceae, 1-septatae, liyalinae ; 
basidiis elongatis, filiformibus, dense fasciculatis, sursum 1-3-ramosis, 
suffultes. The author considers the genus to have affinities both with 
the Sphaeropsidete and with the Hyphomycetes ; bat its very regularly 
developed perithece of parenchymatous texture identifies it most closely 
with the Nectrioideae. 
New Pestalozzia.§ — Under the name Pestalozzia insidens, Mr. J. L. 
Zabriskie describes a new species found in New York State on the bark 
of living elm-trunks, in which the conid is divided into four inner very 
* Ber. Versuchsstat. Zucker-rohr in West-Java, Heft 1, 1890, pp. 50-179 (5 pis.). 
See Bot. Centralbl., xvii. (1891) p. 46. 
f Bull. Soc. Beige Micr., 1891, pp. 151-2. 
% CR. Soc. R. Bot. Belgique, 1891, pp. 134-46. 
§ Journ. N. York Micr. Soc., vii. (1891) pp. 101-2 (1 pi.). 
