90 
INTRODUCTION TO BOTANY. 
Leafstalk, petiolares. Growing on the leafstalks. Cha- 
maerops humilis. 
Axillary, axillares. Growing at the setting on of the 
leaves. Citrus Medica, Celastrus multiflorus. 
Infraxillary, infer axillares. Growing below the setting 
on of the leaves. Ribes spinosum. PI. 6, fig. 16. 
Superaxillary, super axillares. Growing above the setting 
on of the leaves. Gleditsia triacanthos. PL 4, fig. 16. 
Involucrab involucrales. Growing on the involucrum. 
Silybum Mariae, Centaurea benedicta. 
Pericarpial, pericarpiales. Growing on the pericarp. 
Allamanda cathartica. 
3. Origin. 
Stipulean, Aculei stipuleani. Growing near the leaves, 
and appearing to arise from stipules changed. Berberis, 
Ribes spinosum. Paliurus aculeatus. 
Petiolean, petioleani. Arising from leafstalks changed 
into arms. Mimosa verticillata. 
Foliolean, folioleani. Arising from leaves changed into 
arms. Chamserops humilis. 
Ramean, rameani. Arising from branches changed into 
arms. Prunus spinosi, Elaeagnus angustifolia. 
4. Direction. 
Bent upwards, Aculei inflexi. Bent and pointing to the 
upper part of the stem, or branch. Rosa muscosa, Mimosa 
cineraria. 
Bent downwards, reflexi . Bent and pointing to the 
lower part of the stem, or branch. Rubus fruticosus, Rosa 
rubiginosa, R. canina. 
5. Form. \ 
Awlshape, Aculei subulati. Rosa villosa, Robinia 
Pseudo-acacia. 
Bristlelike, setacei. Very slender, Rosa spinosissima. 
Conical, conici. Zanthoxylum Clava-Herculis. 
If Straight, rectilinei , recti. Rosa spinosissima. 
Bent, curvi. Rosa muscosa, R. rubiginosa. 
6. Simplicity. 
. Simple, Aculei simplices. Cactus, Celastrus. 
Branched, ramosi. Gleditsia horrida. 
Two-parted, lipartiti. 
Three-parted, tripartiti. Berberis vulgaris, Ribes syl- 
yestris. PI. 6, fig. 16. 
