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INTRODUCTION TO BOTANY. 
Halved, dimidiatum. Only surrounding one half of the 
peduncle. Petroselinum vulgare. 
Turned back, reflexum . Turning over from the top to 
the bottom. Meum Athamanticum. 
If Calathide-flowered, calathidiflorum. Surrounding a 
clinanthe and resembling a basket. Composite. 
Globular, glohulosum , globosum . Achillma sambucina, 
Centaurea nigra. 
Pitchershape, urceolatum. Swollen at bottom, con- 
tracted at top, and dilated at its orifice like the calyx of a 
rose. Crepis biennis, Cirsium palustre. 
Reverse topshape, olturbinatum. Swollen and rounded 
at bottom, growing narrow to the top. Carthamus tine- 
torius. 
Bellshape, campanulatum. Lampsana lyrata, Chryso- 
coma Coma aurea. 
Hemispherical, hemisphericum . Like a bason, Matri- 
caria vulgaris, Anthemis tinctoria. 
Egglike, ovoideum. Cirsium lanceolatum, Artemisia vul- 
garis, Tagetes patula. 
Reverse conical, obconicum. Growing narrower from 
the bottom to the top. Aster fruticosus, Anthemis clavata. 
Cylindrical, cylindraceum. Long, and nearly cylindrical. 
Senecio vulgaris, Achillea millefolia. 
Cuplike, cupular e. Trimofpha alpina, Achillea syl- 
vestris. 
Contracted, coarctatum. Becoming much narrower to- 
wards its orifice. Centaurea, Carduus. 
Open, patens , planiusculum . Chamomilla vulgaris, Leu- 
canthemum vulgare. 
One-leafed, monophjllum. Of one single piece. Tagetes 
patula. 
Many-leaved, polyphyllum. Of several pieces. Taraxa- 
cum vulgare, Cynara Scolymus, Aster Chinensis. 
Simple, simplex. Of a single piece, or rather of several 
pieces disposed in a single row. Urospermum picroides. 
Double, calyculate, calyculatum . Having an outer row 
of bractess which compose a second involucrum. Crepis 
biennis. 
Tiled, imbricatum. Achyrophorus imbricatus, Carduus, 
Centaurea. 
Leaflike, foliaceum . The bracteae that form the invo- 
lucrum are large, thin, green, like the generality of leaves. 
Silphium perfoliatum, Carthamus tinctorius. 
