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INTRODUCTION TO BOTANY. 
IT Drupe-like, drupeolatum. Having a succulent sarco- 
carp resembling that of a drupeole, Clibadium. 
Pappous, papposum , lanuginosum . The edge of the 
top having hairs or bristles, the remains of the limb of the 
calyx. Taraxacum vulgare, Lactuca, Carduus, Senecio, 
Inula, Aster. 
Awned at the tip, apice aristatum. Having awlshape 
awns at the tip. Coreopsis, Bidens. 
Two-horned, hicorne. Having two hornlike points at 
top. Silphium. 
Chaffy at the tip, apice paleaceum. Having at top small 
scales or chaffs, not sufficiently numerous to form a pappus. 
Helianthus. 
Two-chaffed, lipaleaceum. 
Three- chaffed, tripaleaceum. 
Fringed at the tip, apice ciliata . With hairs like eye- 
lashes. Echinops. 
Margined at top, apice marginatum . Having a mem- 
branous ring round the edge of the tip. Cotula, Tanace- 
tum Matricaria vulgaris, Anthemis tinctoria, Pyrethrum 
inodor um. 
Notched at top, apice emarginatum . Silphium Encelia. 
Narrow-necked, colliferum . Narrowed at top, and sur- 
rounded by a pappus. Taraxacum. 
Bald, unarmed, calvum , muticujn. Having neither pap- 
pus nor any other remains of the calyx. Lapsana com- 
munis, Hippophsestum vulgare, Tanacetum, Artemisia, 
Anthemis, Leucanthemum vulgare. 
The calyx sometimes forms a double crown of two dif- 
ferent kinds. 
Co Hum. 
Stipes, Pedilis. The narrow elongated tip of the akenium 9 
destined to support the pappus. 
Pappus . 
Lanugo. The limb of the abortive calyx that surmounts 
the akenium in many plants. PI. 13, fig. 5. 
Sessile, Pappus sessilis. When the limb of the calyx 
which forms the pappus is not contracted at bottom. 
Hieracium, Sonchus, Centaurea, Carduus, Senecio, Eri- 
geron Cineraria. PI. 13, fig. 5. 
