PL cell. aph. 2.THALASSIOPHYTiE. 55.Tupha. 357 
/3. minor. Smaller branches more numerous and distinct, 
spreading from a shorter pedicel 1. 
XXXI. 56. SCYPHA. Scyphe. 
Thallus shooting into tubular processes, either simple or 
compound, very porous, formed of interwoven, bent, reti- 
culated horny fibres, without any chalklike matter. 
1 . Scypha coronata . Crowned scyphe. 
Tube solitary; tip crowned with radiating spines. 
Spobgia coronata, Ellis Zooph. 190. 
On fuci and other marine bodies. 
Thallus above an inch long, yellowish sometimes a 
shining, silvery white, not always crowned but covered 
with spiculse. 
2. Scypha botryoides. Bunch-of- grapes scyphe. 
Thallus minute, ovate, tubular, in bunches covered with 
radiated spines. 
Spongia botryoides, Ellis Zooph. 190. 
Sea-shore. 
Thallus composed of minute branches, oval like grapes, 
each open at the tip, as if tubular. — The spines are the 
asterias radiata of Walker. 
3. Scypha papillaris. Nipple scyphe. 
Thallus sessile, flat, spreading with scattered tubular 
tubercles. 
Spongia papillaris, Gmel. Syst, Nat. 1,3S24. 
Rocks rarely left uncovered by the sea. 
Thallus soft, yellow ; tubercles sometimes tipped with 
tflue; when dry less soft, brown or gray; surface like gauze. 
0. Sowerbeii. Tubercles longer and more numerous. 
Spongia compacta, Brit. Miseell. 1,42. 
Bottom of the sea? 
4-. Scypha tubulosa. Tubular scyphe . 
Thallus tubular, branched, tough; tubes erect, slightly 
tapering. t 
Spongia tubulosa, Ellis Zooph. 1S8. 
Spongia fasligiata, Pallas Zooph. 392. 
Sea-shore at very low water, and bottom of the sea. 
Thallus 3 inches high and 4 or 5 wide, yellow, when dry 
pale brown or dirty white. 
