Pl.celLaph. 4 . CENOTHALAMEiE. 11 5 . Lecidea. 463 
a. Apolhecia always Hack , naked. 
1 . Lecidea atro-alba . lecidea. 
Crust spreading, very thin, cracked, black ; beds tuber- 
cular, whitish ; apothecia plano-convexish, black ; inside 
of the same colour. 
Lichen atro-albus, Lin. S. P. 1607 ; Engl hot. 2336. 
Verrucaria atro-alba, Hoffm. Germ. 182. 
Lecidea atro-alba, Achar. Meth. 45; Lich. 162. 
On stones. 
Thallus sometimes fringed on the edge. 
2 . Lecidea fusco-atra. Brown-black lecidea. 
Crust very thin, black ; beds chestnut, flat, bordered, 
shining ; apothecia slightly convex, black, bordered ; inter- 
nally whitish. 
Lichen fusco-ater, Lin. S. P. 1607. 
Lichen dendriticus, Achar. Prod. 77 ; Engl. Bot. 1734. 
Yerrucaria fusco-ater, Hoffm. Germ. 181. 
Psora dendritica, Hoffm, Germ. 168. 
Lecidea fusco-atra, Achar. Meth. 44. 
Lecanora fusco-atra, Achar. Lich. 359. 
On stones and exposed mountains. 
Thallus sometimes fringed, black. 
3 . Lecidea fumosa. Smoky lecidea . 
Crust rather cartilaginous, cracked in beds, smooth, grey, 
brownish ; apothecia sunk in the crust, flat, bordered, after- 
wards convex and conglomerated, not bordered, black ; in- 
side blackish grey. 
Lichen arthroocarpus, Achar. Prod. 77 ; Engl. Bot. 3829. 
Lichen gibbosus, Dicks. Crypt. 2, 6. 
Verrucaria fumosa, Hoffm. Germ. 190. 
Lecida cecumena, Achar. Meth. 42 ; Lich. 157. 
Lecidea fumosa, Achar. Lich. 157. 
On stones, and dry, exposed rocks. 
4 . Lecidea petrcea. Rock lecidea. 
Crust thin, round, very finely cracked, nearly powdery, 
white; apothecia innate in the crust, thick, protuberant, 
nearly concentric, black; inside same colour ; centre sunk 
in, edge swollen, raised, rather squeezed up. 
Lichen cor.centricus, Davies Lin. Tr. 2, 284 ; Engl. Bot. 246. 
Lichen petraeus, Wulf. inJacq. Coll. 3, 116. 
Verrucaria petraea, Hoffm. Germ. 184. 
Lecidaea petraea, Achar. Meth. 37 ; Lich. 155. 
On stones and rocks. 
