300 
THE LARGER FUNGI 
Calratia caelata (Bull.) Morgan lias not yet been reeordeil from South 
Australia. 
483. Calvatia lilacina (Berk, et Mont.) Lloyd. (L., lilacinus, lilac-coloured). — 
Peridium up to 61n. (15 cm.) diameter, subglobose to subpyriform, tapering 
abruptly into a large, \vell-develo])ed, strongly crenulate rootling liase; exo- 
poridium smooth or more fre()uently tloccose, cream to bay-brown, often areo- 
late, thin, fragile, fugacious; cndoperi.Uum brown, thin, fragile, flaking away 
irregularly from the apical portion. Sterile base well-developed, persistent, 
cellular at the periphery, hemi-compact within, separated from the gieba by 
a. prominent diaphragm. Gieba some shade of purple, sometimes with a greyish 
tinge, at tirst compact, soon pulverulent; capillitium threads long, branched), 
septate, equal, pallid olivaceous. Spores globose, 5.5 to 7.5 occasionally apicu- 
late; epispore violaceous, verrucose. Solitary on the ground, especially in sandy 
areas. — Cunningham. South Australia — Beaumont, Eagie-on-the-TIill, National 
Park, Morphett Vale, Encounter Bay district, Ernabella (Musgrave Kanges). 
New Soutli Wales — Sydney, Pilliga Scrub, Krambach near Taree, Baan Baa. 
Victoria — C)-aigie near" Ararat. New Zealand — Queenstown, &c. Europe. South 
Africa. North America. Januaiqy, xApril to June, October, November. 
454. Calvatia gigantea (Pers.) Cunn. (L., giganteus, gigantic). — Peridium 
subglobose, up to Kiin. (40 cm.) diameter, sessile, with a cord-like rooting base; 
cxo]ieridium smooth, tinely tomentose, closely resembling chamois leather, fragile, 
cream or yellowish, fugacious; endoperidium brown, thin, fragile, flaking away 
irregularly. Sterile base scanty and poorly developed, floccose, fresuently want- 
ing, diaphragm absent. Gieba yellowish, becoming olivaceous, hemi-compact; 
caiiillitium threads long, sparingly branched, septate, olivaceous. Spores 
globose, 4 to 5.5 occasional!}' apiculate; epispore olivaceous, verruculose. 
Solitary on the ground in pastures. — Cunningham. South Australia — Kinohina, 
Flinders Range near Quorn. Victoria. New Zealand. Europe. North xVmerica. 
August, November. 
455. Calvatia Candida (Kostk.) Hollis. (L., candUlus, shining, white). — 
Peridium u]> to nearly 3in. (7 cm.) diameter, subglobose to pyrifonn, base 
frequently crenulate, tapering aliruptly into a strongly developed, white, cord- 
like rooting base; exopeiidium thin, furfuraceous, ochraceous, frequently areolate, 
fugacious: endoperidium tliin, papyraceous, ochraceous or chestnut brown, flaking 
away irregularly from the apex. ' Sterile base usually well-developed, sometimes 
scanty, floccose, yellowish, diaohragm absent. Gieba pallid olivaceous, hemi- 
compact; capillitium threads sparingly branched, siiarsely septate, equal, olivace- 
ous. Spores globose, 4 to 5.5 g, frequently apiculate; epispore olivaceous, 
tinely and sparsely vcrrmmlose. On the ground in small groiqis. — Cunningham. 
South xVustralia— Beaumont, Glen Osmond, National Park, Monarto South, 
Kiuchina, Wilpena Pound and Baratta (Flinders Range), Pinnaroo, Maitland, 
Minnie Downs ( Diamantina) . Central Australia— Mount Liebig. New South 
Wales. Victoria — Nathalia (near Murray River). Western Australia — Narrogm. 
Europe. February, April to October, Decemlier. 
4S(). Calvatia Candida var. rubro-flava (Cragin) Cunn. (L., ruber, red; flams, 
bright vellow). — Dilfers from the t\q)e in the reddish-ochre colour of the gieba. 
New South Wales — Sydney. Not" yet recorded in South Australia. North 
.Vmerica. 
487. Calvatia Candida var. fused Cunn. (L., fusous, brown, tawny). Differs 
fi'om the type in the gieba Vicing dai'k olivaceious, alniost fuscous. South 
Australia — K inchina. July. 
LYCOPEKDON Tournefort ex Persoon. 
(Gr., lyhos, a wolf; perdpmai, to break wind.) 
Peridium variously shaped, with a prominent stem-like base or rooting strand; 
of two layers, a fugacious exojieridium which is pseudoparenchymatous, waited, 
spinose or granular; ard a iiersistent endoperidium which is mcmViranious or 
uapyraceous, thin, tough, and dehisces hy a solitary apical stoma ; stciile base 
present or absent; diaphragm present or absent. Gieba of capillitium 
spores; columella present or absent; capillitium threads long, simple or branched, 
continuous lor septate, hyaline tr colouied, attached by one end to the endo- 
peridium, or columella when present. Spores globose or shortly elliptical, con- 
