262 
THE SEAWEEDS 
Lophurella Hookeriana (J. Ag.) Falkenberg. 
Frond 25 cm. to 40 cm. high, terete, filiform, pinnate, irregularly 
branched, the ramuli erect and patent, virgate. Ramelli curved from the 
base, acuminate. Stichidia subsessile, sublanceolate, a second row of tetra- 
spores on inner side. Cystocarps carried singly at the base of the ramelli. 
Colour very dark, substance rigid. 
Victoria, New Zealand, Cape Horn. 
FALKENBERGIA Schmitz. 
Frond erect, filiform, glabrous; laterally branched; ramuli spreading in 
all directions, often twisted together, the ramuli rising from the articula- 
tions of the stem. Fronds monopodial. Cells at the apex in seven trans- 
verse divisions ; the axis is polysiphonous, three central siphons with many 
others round them, no outer cortex. Tetrasporangia nearly cruciate. 
Cystocarps and antheridia unknown so far. 
Falkenbergia vagabunda (Harv.) Falkenberg. 
= Polysiphonia vagabunda Harvey. 
Frond very small, tangled, patent, the ramuli long, horizontal or widely 
curved, the ramelli few, often dividing into a series of branchlets, glabrous, 
articulations nearly as broad as long. Tetrasporangia irregularly scattered, 
prominent on the sides of the filaments. Colour brownish-red, darker on 
drying. 
Tasmania. 
Falkenbergia rufolanosa (Harv.) Schmitz. 
= Polysiphonia rufolanosa Harvey. 
Frond dwarf, nearly round, loosely twisted, filiform, densely covered with 
fruits, the ramuli irregular and the ramelli attenuated, patent, glabrous at 
the apices; the ecortical articulations almost as long as broad. Colour 
brown-red. 
West Australia (King George Sound). 
POLYSIPHONIA Greville. 
Fronds erect, or primarily decumbent and then erect, terete, rarely sub- 
compressed, furcate or laterally branched on all sides, ramuli arranged 
spirally or irregularly, polysiphonous. Structure parenchymatous or 
parenchymatous-filamentous. Pericentral cells 4 to 24, surrounding a 
central cell, bare or corticated with shortly articulate rhizoids, coalescing 
into a quasi-parenchymatous cortex. Cystocarps ovate globose or subur- 
ceolate, borne on the ramuli, enclosed with a cellular pericarp with an apical 
aperture ; carpospores pyriform. Tetrasporangia evolved in upper, slightly 
thicker, ramuli, either in a longitudinal series which may be interrupted, 
or spirally disposed, single in each articulus. Antheridia lancoid or cylin- 
drical, stipitate, on bare ramuli. 
The life cycle of Polysiphonia is outlined in the introduction. 
This is an immense genus, of over 150 species, dispersed over nearly all 
oceans, from the Arctic circle to the borders of the Antarctic. The species 
