300 
THE SEAWEEDS 
feel of shagreen when dry. Such is the common state of the plant; but 
states occur in which the warted phyllodia emit perfectly smooth, thin, 
membranous, serrated, and transversely striate leaves. Stiehidia occur in 
several stipitate, slightly separated, tufts, forming a crown to the phyllodia ; 
they are lanceolate, inrolled at the point and contain a double row of 
tetraspores. The colour, when growing, is a very dark purple-red; when 
dry either brown or black. The substance is coarse, leathery when growing, 
rigid when dry; does not adhere to paper when dry. 
South Australia (Encounter Bay, Investigator Strait, Eastern Bays), 
West Australia. 
LENORMANDIA Sonder. 
Frond leaf-like, proliferous. Phyllodia flat, membranaceous, undivided, 
midribbed, obliquely cross-striate, internally honeycombed with rhomboid 
cells; the surface cells minute. Fruit of both kinds scattered over the 
surface. Cystocarps ovate, pedicellate, containing pear-shaped spores. 
Stiehidia lanceolate, containing tripartite tetraspores. 
Lenormandia hypo gloss uni J. Agardh. 
Frond 50 cm. to 75 cm. or more long, membranous, proliferous from the 
ribs, irregularly branched, the younger off-shoots oval, the older ones sub- 
lanceolate, linear; phyllodia flat, simple with an entire margin, the apices 
almost without a margin ; the secondary phyllodia are fertile, caespitose, 
minute, arranged in rows on the costa, swelling at the end into a single 
cystocarp. Cystocarps ovate-urceolate, subcalcarate. 
South Coast of Australia. 
Lenormandia Muelleri Sonder. 
Attachment or hold fast discoid. Fronds tufted, 25 cm. to 60 cm. long, 
proliferously much branched. In full-grown specimens there is a carti- 
laginous, terete stem, about 1 mm. thick and 2 cm. to 5 cm. in length ; this 
gradually becomes two-edged and then winged upwards, dividing 
(proliferously) into two to four or more principal branches, which are 
bordered with a narrow wing and traversed by a thick midrib. These 
main branches are 12 cm. to 25 cm. long and quite simple, being formed 
out of a partly denuded phyllodium of a former season; they emit from 
their midrib numerous phyllodia, varying much in size. The phyllodia are 
5 cm. to 10 cm. long, about 3 cm. wide, oblong, very obtuse or emarginate, 
xapering at base into short stipe or petiole, delicately membranous, traversed 
hv a very slender and often scarcely visible costa, and sprinkled with 
minute rough points. Cystocarps of an ovate form are often scattered over 
both surfaces of the frond, being developed out of the rough points ; they 
contain a tuft of narrow pear-shaped spores and paranemata. The surface 
of the frond, under a pocket lens, appears decussated with oblique lines, 
which divide the membrane into lozenge-shaped areolae, indicative of the 
large, obliquely seriated, rhomboid cells which constitute the central sub- 
stance of the phyllodia. The surface cellules are very minute and in several 
