OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA. 
381 
Attachment discoid. Frond tufted, 8 cm. to 12 cm. long and as much in the 
expansion. Stem filiform, very rigid, winged, forked, each division passing 
into the midrib of a terminal forked lamina, the midrib disappearing 
long below the apex. Laminae 1 cm. to 2 cm. wide, with curled, undulating 
margin. Forking of the stem very wide; all apices very blunt. Colour 
pinkish-red. Substance when fresh, like parchment ; when dry, very tough 
and rigid. Does not adhere to paper. 
South Australia (Encounter Bay, Gulf St. Vincent, Eastern Bays), West 
Australia (King George Sound), North-East Australia. 
TIIAMNOCLONIUM Kutzing. 
Frond dendroid or flabelliform, compressed or plane, imperfectly costate, 
rigidly horny, mostly covered with spinous tubercles, composed of two 
strata; the medullary stratum very dense, of slender, cylindrical, longi- 
tudinally seriated cellules ; cortical of roundish-angular, coloured cells. 
Tetrasporangia cruciate, .contained in a sporophyll. 
Thamnoclonimm claviferum J. Agardh. 
= Thamnoclonium hirsutum Harvey. 
Frond decompound-dichotomous, fastigiate ; branches terete, smaller 
ones subcompressed, closely covered with muricated warts, obtuse; spore 
leaves in rose-like tufts 4 lateral or terminal, containing beneath their 
surface tetrasporangia. 
Attachment a broad rigid disc. Fronds several from the same base, 
15 cm. to 25 cm. high, simple for 5 cm. to 8 cm. above the base, then forking 
and afterwards many times forked. Branches nearly level, patent, with 
acute axils ; the larger ones terete, the upper wider and compressed. All 
parts except denuded stem closely covered with oval, multifid-foliated warts, 
fixed to the branch by a slender neck. Tetrasporangia borne in the peri- 
pheric cells of little roundish wavy spore-leaves, which occur in tufts at 
the end or any part of the sides of the branches. The cellular structure of 
the frond is very dense, composed of minute cellules. Colour dark, dull 
brown-red. Substance extremely rigid and tough. 
South Australia (Gulf St. Vincent, Encounter Bay, Investigator Strait, 
Eastern Bays), Tasmania. 
Thamnoclonium codioides J. Agardh. 
Fiond subterete, densely branched, the ramuli close together at the 
apices; younger ones clavate, subdilate, the angular rachis verrucose and 
crispate, leaving bare sinuous interstices ; fully grown ramuli denuded at 
the base ; fertile phyllodia rotund-reniform, crispate, forming lateral rose- 
like tufts, rarely subterminal. Colour very dark-red. 
South Australia (St. Vincent Gulf). 
Thamnoclonium proliferum Sonder. 
From 25 cm. or longer, flattened, flabellate, finally subdichotomous ; 
younger ramuli cuneate-1 inear, clearly ancipitous, irregularly verrucose;' 
single tubercles irregularly prominent, covering the surface and margins 
