OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA. 
425 
The dense outer cortex consists of three or four layers of isodiametric 
cells, but the inner cortex is fairly loose. Characteristic stellate cells 
(bearing long processes) occur in the medulla. 
The thallus is more or less net like, often flat and leaf like. In forms 
with a thin thallus, the cortex consists of two or three layers {e.g., Crypto- 
nemia) ; the stouter forms have a many layered cortex, with a large celled 
inner and small celled outer region {e.g., Priorities, Pachymenia) . 
The fertile tuft of branches in the Grateloupiaceae is situated in the 
inner cortex, and always contains a carpogonium or an auxiliary cell. The 
compound filaments develop directly from the fertilized carpogonia and 
pass to the auxiliary cells. The first gonimoblast cell after growing out- 
wards forms more thick, crowded, branched, gonimoblast filaments, then 
most of the ceils form carpospores. The tufts of gonimoblast filaments are 
usually triangular, and the gonimoblasts contain groups of carpospores in 
various phases of development. The ripe gonimoblasts lie in the cortex 
and are enveloped by special protecting filaments. A definite osteole is 
formed. 
Halymenia J. Agardh. Grateloupia C. Agardh. Pachymenia J. Agardh. 
Prionitis J. Agardh. Cryptonemia J. Agardh. Thamnoclonium Kiitzing. 
And probably Epiphloea J. Agardh. Poly opes J. Agardh. Codiophyllnm 
Gray. Blastophye J. Agardh. 
Family KALLYMENIACEAE. 
Plants foliaceous or branched, erect and rather soft ; structurally 
developed at first from an apical cell, but the subsequent growth not pro- 
ducing an axial cell row ; when mature with a filamentous or subparenchy- 
matous medulla and narrow, small-celled, assimilative cortex; sporangia 
scattered or in the branch tips, irregular to tetrapartite ; procarps consist- 
ing of a supporting auxiliary cell which bears a three-celled carpogenic 
branch and a sterile cell, or a number of carpogenic branches ; gonimoblasts 
formed from the auxiliary cells or basal cells of the carpogenic branches 
which then have wide connections with the auxiliaries ; cystocarps invested 
and penetrated by a nutritive tissue of filaments developed from the cells 
near the procarp. 
Kallymenia J. Agardh. Callophyllis Kiitzing. 
Family CHOREOCOLACEAE. 
Plants minute, partly or when colourless completely parasitic ; consisting 
of a penetrating basal portion and an emergent part, usually cushion-shaped 
or with short stout branches; reproductive organs in the emergent part; 
tetrasporangia tetrapartite; spermatangia produced in series from the 
surface, or on the lining of conceptacles ; carpogenic branches of three or 
four cells, the supporting cell acting as an auxiliary or cutting one off 
after fertilization ; cystocarps showing a pericarp and an ostiole. 
This family is not altogether satisfactorily defined, but serves as a 
convenient grouping of some rather inadequately studied genera. 
