44(3 
H. M. WOODCOCK AND G. LAPAGE. 
quite round and went off in another direction, the same end 
still being in front. 
We had some of these active ovals specially stained for 
us by one of the principal methods in use (de Rossi’s) for 
showing up the flagella of bacteria, but with no result what- 
ever. We have ourselves tried this method and also Pitfield’s 
method, with equally negative results. In short, in none of 
our preparations, however stained, have we ever seen a 
flagellum or tuft of flagella in connection with an oval ; and 
we feel convinced that the ovals do not possess flagella of any 
kind. We are supported in this view by two points : (1) 
The close agreement in minute structure shown by many of 
the ovals and crescents, and the fact that the flagellum of the 
latter is a well-developed structure, readily visible; and (2) 
the conviction we have gained that the crescents themselves 
are capable of movement by other means than their flagellum. i 
While many of the ovals have the same homog’eneous 
appearance in life as the crescents, in some the membrane or 
envelope stands out distinctly, being separated from the 
general body-substance by a narrow, clear area (Text-figs. 
H, L and M). In the majority of the ovals, the envelope 
appears to be more prominent and more distinct from the 
body than in the crescents, and this is borne out by the study 
of stained preparations. Probably it is a firmer, more 
resistant structure in the ovals. 
Structure. — The ovals are rarely, if ever, spherical; the 
nearest approach to a spherical shape is seen in forms imme- 
diately resulting from division (figs. 44, 55, 57), and even in 
these one diameter is usually greater than the other. On 
the other hand, they are rarely sufficiently long in proportion 
to their width, and the two longer sides sufficiently straight 
and parallel, for them to be regarded as rod-like ; here, again, 
the nearest approach to such an appearance is shown by 
those forms about to divide (fig. 56). Undoubtedly the oval 
' It may he added, perhaps, that neither do the crescents show any 
flagella of the bacterial type when stained by the above-mentioned 
special methods. 
