172 108. Tofieldia. 13. COLCHICACE^. PL end. pL 
I. 108. TOFIELDIA. Hudson. 7 'ofield, 
Perigonium 6-sepaled ; involucrum small, 3-cut at the 
bottom ; stamens smooth ; anthers roundish, incumbent ; 
style vertical, short ; capsules 3, joined at the base ; seeds 
many, long, acute.— -Root fibrous, perennial; rhizoma creep- 
ing; stem upright, naked or with 1 or 2 short leaves; leaves 
equitant, swordshape, ribbed, sheathing at bottom, edge 
membranaceous ; flowers spiked or capitate, yellow or white ; 
peduncle solitary, bracteate. 
Tofleldia palustris. Marsh tofield . 
Spike ovate obtuse; scape smooth, threadlike; sepales 
obovate, obtuse ; ovary roundish ; flowers nearly sessile. 
Phalangium Scotrcum palusfre minimum iridis folio, Raii Syn. 375,2. 
Anthericum calyculatum, Lin. S. P.447. 
Helonias borealis, Willd. S. P. 2,274. 
Tolieldia palustris, Uuds. Fl.Angl. 157. 
Nathericum pusillum, Michaux Am. Bor. 1,209. 
Scotch asphodel. Lancaster asphodel. 
Mountain bogs; perennial; July to September. 
Stem 12 in. high; spike solitary, obtuse, dense; flo rs 
yellowish ; hractece ovate, very small, concave. 
II. 109. COLCHICUM. Dioscorides. Meadow-saffron, 
Perigonium tubular, radical; limb campanuiate, 6-parted; 
stamens inserted at the top of the tube; anthers oblong, 
versatile ; ovary 1 ; styles 3, very long ; stigmata 3, hooked ; 
capsides 3-lobed, lobes inflated, upright, joined at the base ; 
seeds many ; corculum opposite to the umbilicus. — Bulb 
ovate, 1 or 2 new ones arising from beneath the persistent 
tunics of the old plant in whose half-embracing sinus they 
are lodged ; tunics hard, coriaceous ; spathe cylindri- 
cal, cloven on one side of the apex ; flowers 2 to 6, half 
produced out of the spathe ; fruit becoming peduncled; 
leaves coming out with the fruit, a long time after the 
flower; radical leaves sheathing; stem-leaves half-embracing ; 
stems frequently two, one flowering, fruitful, as above; the 
other slender, above the first, seldom flowering. 
Colchicum autumnale. Autumnal meadow-saffron . 
Leaves flat, broad, lanceolate; sepales ovate: bulbs rather 
many-flowered; flowers appearing long before the leaves, 
Colchicum commune, Raii Syn. 373. 
Colchicum Anglicum purputeum, Ger.em. 127. 
Colchicum auiumnale, Lin. S. P. 485. 
