PL ex. mon. 
6. CORYLIDEiE. 12. Quercus. 247 
1. Quercus longceva. Lo?ig lived oak. 
Leaves annual, nearly sessile, oblong, broader above, 
sinuses acute, angles blunt; fruit oblong, peduncled. 
Quercus latifolia, Rail Syn . 440, 1 ; Park . 1385. 
Quercus vulgaris, Ger. cm. 1339, 1. 
Quercus Robur, Lin. 8. P. 1414. 
Quercus Robur y, pedunculata, Martyn. FI. Rust. 10. 
Quercus pedunculata, Willd. Baum. 278. 
Quercus fcemina, FI, Dan 1180. 
Quercus racemosa, Lamarck Encyc. Meth. 1,715. 
Quercus longaeva, Salisb. Prod. 392, 
Common oak. English oak. 
Woods and hedges; arborescent; April. 
Tree formal ; leaves above smooth, shining ; beneath pale. 
2. Quercus sessiliflora . Squat-flowered oak. 
Leaves annual, petioled, oblong, smooth; sinuses acute, 
opposite; jruit oblong, sessile. 
Quercus lalitolia mas, quae brevi pediculo est, Raii Syn. 440,2. 
Quercus Robur, Willd. Baum. 277. 
Quercus Robur y, sessilis, Martyn FI. Rust. 11. 
Quercus sessiliflora, Smith FI. Brit. 1027. 
Bay oak. 
Woods; arborescent; April and May. 
Leases smooth, more equally and regularly lobed than 
the former. 
3. Quercus pulescens. Downy oak. 
Le wes annual, petioled, oblong, obovate, sinuate, pu- 
bescent beneath ; lobes obtuse, angular ; base rather heart- 
shape, irregular ; fruit nearly sessile. 
Quercus sessifloia j8, Smith FI. Brit. 1027. 
Quercus pubescens, Willd. S. P. 4,450. 
Durmast oak , Martyn FI. Rust. 12. 
Woods; arborescent; April and May. 
The wood of all the oaks is hard, tough, tolerably flexi- 
ble, not easily splintering, and very durable ; sawdust used 
to dye drabs and browns ; bark tans leather, is also astrin- 
gent, and with a little copperas dyes woollen purplish blue ; 
leaves eaten by cows, sheep, and goats; glans, called 
acorn, i. e. oak-corn, fattens swine and deer ; balls, called 
oak-apples, produced by insects, dye with copperas a more 
beautiful black than nut-galls, but less durable. 
