PI. ex. cor. 
31. BORAGINEJE. 118. Echium. 35 7 
2. Echium vulgare. Common viper s-hugloss. 
Stem jnostly simple, tubercular, hispid ; leaves linear, 
lanceolate, hispid ; racem.es terminal, spikeshaped, very 
long; spikelets simple, spreading; stamens longer than the 
corolla. 
Echium vulgare, Raii Syn. 221, 1; Ger. cm. 602,2; Park, 414; Lin. 
S. P. 200. 
Fields and wastes; biennial; June and July. 
Root branched, thick ; stems many, simple, upright ; 
leaves hispid; flowers imbricate; spikes short, axillary; pe- 
dicells upright, spreading. — Root chewed, used as a poultice 
in venomous bites. 
/3. violaceum. Sterg branched from the bottom, spread- 
ing and often decumbent ; stamens very long. 
Echium alterum, sive lycopsis Anglica, Gillen in Raii Syn. 228,3. 
Echium vulgare Hudson FI. Angl. 83. 
Echium violaceum, Schmidt FI. Bohem. 203,3, 
y. album. Corolla white. 
Fam. XV. 32. LABIA T/R. Jussieu. Stachydece , R.A. 
Salisbury. 
Calyx 1 -leafed, tubular, persisting, 4 or 5-cut; corolla lip- 
ped, ringent, or irregular ; stamens 2 or 4, often didynamous, 
inserted on the corolla; ovary 1, free, 4-lobed ; style 1, on 
the receptacle or gynobasis, between the lobes of the ovary; 
stigma mostly 2-cut ; microbasis (cariopsides 4) at the base 
of the calyx; perisperm 0; corculum straight; radicle be- 
low; cotyledons flat. — Stem herbaceous, rarely shrubby, 
4-sided ; hairs distinctly partitioned ; leaves opposite \ flowers 
mostly in bundles, disposed in close panicles forming spu- 
rious whirls, rarely solitary, sometimes terminal and capi^ 
tate, bracteated. 
a. Stamens 2, corolla not lipped. 
Upper lobe of corolla nicked Lycopus. 119. 
b. Stamens 2; corolla lipped ; filaments \-toothed. 
Galea arched \filam. toothed in the middle Salvia. 147. 
Galea arched, not compressed Horminum. 149. 
Galea compressed Sclarea. 148. 
c. Stamens 4 ; corolla not Upped. 
Calyx 5-cut, slightly hairy ; upper lobe 
of the corolla nicked Mentha. 120. 
