PL ex . cor. 
392 153. Ligustrum. 34. OLEINiE. 
Leaves nearly sessile, deep green, bald, deciduous, edge 
not cut ; flowers white. — Cultivated for hedges and screens, 
as it bears cutting in any form ; leaves bitter and astringent ; 
berries with alum dye wool and silk green, and a rose- 
coloured paint is prepared from them. 
<3. sempervirens. Leaves biennial, falling off in the spring. 
y. variegaium. Leaves variegated, green and straw 
colour. 
Fam. XVIII. 35. FRAXINEiE. Oleinarum pars 9 Link. 
Jasminearum pars , Jussieu. 
Flowers hermaphrodite or unisexual ; calyx 0, or free, 
persisting, 1-leaved; corolla 0, or hypogynous, 1-petaled 
and 4-cut, or 4 petaled ; petals joined in pairs by the fila- 
ments ; aestivation rather valvular ; stamens 2, alternate 
with the petals or lobes; anthers 2-celled; cells opening 
lengthways; ovary 1, simple, not girt with a glandular disk, 
2-celled; ovules 2, pendulous, side by side in each cell; 
style 1 or 0 ; stigma simple or 2-cut ; fruit a capsule or 
samara, 1 -seeded by abortion; seed pendulous; spermoder- 
mis simple ; perisperm ^fleshy ; corculum straight, central, 
nearly as long as the perisperm ; cotyledons leaflike; radicle 
above ; plumule inconspicuous. — Tree or shrub ; leaves op- 
posite, simple or pinnate ; flowers racemose or panicled, 
terminal or axillary; peduncles opposite, 1-bracteated. 
I 
154. FRAXINUS. Pliny. Ash * 
Flowers unisexual and hermaphrodite; calyx 0; corolla 0; 
stamens 2, rarely 3 or 4 ; anthers sessile ; ovary 2-celled ; 
ovules 4; samara 1 -celled, 1 or 2-seeded; wings lanceolate. 
Fraxinus excelsior. Tall ash . 
Leaflets slightly petioled, lanceolate, pointed, serrate, 
bald ; wedgeshape at bottom ; samara lanceolate, tips ob- 
liquely nicked. 
Fraxinus, Raii Syn. 269, 1 ; Ger. em. 14T2, 1. 
Fraxinus vulgaris, Park. 1419. 
Fraxinus excelsior, Lin. S. P. 1509. 
Woods and hedges; arborescent; April and May. 
Bark grey ; buds black ; branches upright or ascending ; 
hermaphrodite, male, and female flowers on different trees 
rarely on the same. — Wood an excellent timber, used alsa 
for long handles or shafts ; bark and wood diuretic and li- 
thontriptic; samarae (called ask keys, birds tongue, kite keys^ 
