PI. ex. cal. 
39. COMPOSITE. 
413 
times formed into a calathiphore. — Calyx very thin, adhe- 
rent to the ovary ; apex simple or pappose ; corolla situated 
on a gland at the top of the ovary, 5-lobed ; lobes (or rather 
soldered petals) having a simple rib on each side meeting 
at the tip ; aestivation valvular ; stamens 5 ; filaments in- 
serted into the corolla, attached to it at the base, alter- 
nating with the lobes, formed of two joints, upper joint 
very short; anthers 2-celled, 4-valved, opening lengthways, 
soldered together by the outer valves into a tube; ovary 
mostly pedicelled, simple, 3-celled; ovules 3 ; style 1, 2-cut; 
stigmata 2, on the inner faces of the lobes of the style ; 
collectors 2, on the outer faces; akenium 1 -seeded by abor- 
tion, naked or pappose; pappi scaly, hairy or feathery; 
seeds upright ; spermodermis very thin ; perisperm 0, or 
very thin; corculum straight; radicle below; cotyledons 
flat. — Stem herbaceous; leaves mostly alternate. 
A. Cichorace 2 E. Flowers all ligulate, hermaphrodite ; 
clinanthus scarcely fleshy ; stigmata papillous on the whole 
inner faces of the branches ; collectors hairy on the whole 
outer faces of the branches and upper part of the style. — 
Plant mostly lactescent ; leaves alternate ; fiowers yellow, 
rarely blue, often meteoric. 
a. Pappus 0, or chaffy ; scales of the pericline in a single 
row ; involucrum small. 
Pappus 0; clinanthus naked Lapsana. 176. 
Pappus marginal, not cut ; 
clinanthus naked Arnoserjs. 177. 
Pappus chaffy; chaffs 5 or many .... Cichorium. 193. 
b. Pappus hairlike or bristlelike , sessile ; pericline imbricate. 
Pappus very soft ; akenium compressed ; 
pericline bellied, imbricate Sonchus. 181. 
Pappus denticulate; akenium roundish; 
pericline ovate, imbricate Hieracium. 182. 
Pappus snow-white; akenium streaked; 
pericline simple ; calathide many-flowered .. Crepis. 183. 
Pappus snow-white; akenium streaked; 
pericline simple; calath. 4 or 5-flowered Prenanthes. 179. 
c. Pappus hair like ^ stipitated 4 scales of the pericline 
imbricate. 
Pappus unequal ; pericline becoming 
torulose Baekhausia. 184, 
