41S 180. Lactuca. 39. COMPOSITE, A. PL ex. cal. 
4. Lactuca minima . Least lettuce . 
Root-leaves lanceolate, pinnatifid; stem-leaves hastate, 
linear, sessile, not cut ; flowers racemose. 
Lactuca sylvestris minima, Raii Syn. 263,3. 
Chondrilla viscosa humilis, Ger. em. 287, 5 *; Park. 783. 
Lactuca saligna, Lin. S. P. 1119. 
Chalky soils; biennial or annual; August. 
Stem tough, rushlike, branched; leaves keeled, spinous 
or smooth ; bractece arrowshape. 
VI. 181 . SONCHUS. Theophrastus. Sowthistle. 
Pericline imbricate, becoming connivent, ventricose at 
bottom; scales many, unequal, in 2 or 3 series; clinanthus 
flat, with hollow dots, bald; calathides many-flowered; ake - 
nium compressed, streaked lengthways ; pappus hair-like, 
sessile, very soft, fugacious. — 'Stem fistulous, milky ; leaves 
runcinate, sessile ; flowers racemose or panicled. 
a. Flowers blue ; pappus rough. 
1. Sonchus alpinus. Alpine sowthistle. 
Flowers racemose, bracteated ; peduncles and pericline 
hirsute ; leaves rather lyrate ; terminal lobes deltoid, an- 
gular, bald, glaucous beneath. ' 
Sonchus flore caeruleo, Ger. em. 294, 7. 
Sonchus Canadensis, Lin. S. P. 1115. 
Sonchus alpinus, Huds. FI. Angl. 336, not of Linnaeus. 
Sonchus cseruleus, Camer. Epit. 281. 
Sonchus montanus, Lamarck Enc. Meth. 401. 
Hieracium caeruleuin, Scopoli Cam, 976. 
Blue-flowered sowthistle. 
Alpine pastures; perennial; July and August. 
Root fleshy; stem 3 feet high, simple; leaves smooth, 
upper leaves linear, fringed ; racemes solitary ; bractece 
linear; calathide twice as long as the pericline; anthers 
red. 
b. Flowers yellow ; pappus soft. 
2. Sonchus palustris . Marsh sowthistle. 
Flowers many, panicled ; peduncles and pericline glandu- 
larly hispid ; leaves runcinate, arrowshape at bottom, edge 
rough. 
Sonchus tricubitalis, folio cuspidato, Raii Syn. 163,8. 
Sonchus arborescens alter, Ger. em. 294, 9. 
Sonchus palustris, Lin, S. P. 1116. 
Great tree sowthistle . 
