PI. ex. cal. 39 . COMPOSITAS* A. 181. Sonchus. 419 
Stem 8 feet high, pipey ; leaves pointed, bald ; panicle 
many-flowered ; pericline black. 
3. Sonchus arvensis. Field sowthistle . 
Root creeping ; leaves runcinate, heartsliape at the base, 
doubly fringed ; peduncles and pericline hispid ; calathides 
few, panicled. 
Sonchus repens, multis hieracium majus, Rail Syn. 163,7. 
Sonchus arborescens, Ger. em. 294, 8. 
Sonchus arvensis, Lin. S. P. 1116, 
Tree sowthistle. 
Clay-fields and woods ; perennial ; August. 
Root milky ; stem 4 feet high ; calathides very large ; 
flowers yellow. 
4. Sonchus oleraceus . Kitchen- garden sowthistle. 
Leaves oblong, lanceolate, embracing the stem, slightly 
sinuated ; edge fringed ; peduncles rather nappy ; pericline 
bald ; calathides panicled. 
Sonchus laevis, Raii Syn. 162, 1 ; Ger. em. 292, 3. 
Sonchus laevis vulgaris, Park. 805. 
Sonchus oleraceus, Lin. S. P. 1116. 
Sonchus ciliatus, Lamarck FI. Gall. 287. 
Hares' lettuce. Smooth thistle. 
Cultivated places; annual; July to September. 
Root fusiform; stem much branched; leaves bald; pe~ 
duncles white ; wool deciduous. — Herb much sought after 
by hares and rabbits ; gathered for tame ones ; used by 
some as a potherb and in salads. 
13 . latifolius . Leaves broad. 
Sonchus laevis minor, paucioribus laciniis, Raii Syn. 163,2. 
Sonchus laevis latifoliis, Ger. em. 292,4. 
7. laciniatus. Leaves sinuated more than usual. 
Sonchus asper laciniatus, Raii Syn. 163,3; Park. 804. 
Sonchus asperior, Ger. em. 291, 2. 
integrifolius . Leaves not sinuated. 
Sonchus asper non laciniatus, Raii Syn. J63, 4. 
Sonchus asper, Ger. em. 291, 1. 
Sonchus asper major non laciniatus, Park. 803. 
s. subrotundus. Leaves roundish. 
Sonchus subrotundo folio nostras, laevissiinis spinulis circa foliorum 
oras exasperatus, Dillen in Raii Syn. 1 63, 5. 
£. angustifolius. Leaves narrow, oblong, very thorny on 
the edges. 
Sonchus angusto et phlongp folio nostras, per foliorum 
ambitum creberrimi* spinulis asperatus, Dillen in Raii Syn . 163,7. 
2E 2 
