PL ex. cal. 
89. COMPOSITE, B. 
433 
B. Cynarocephaleas. Pericline imbricate, scales often 
spinous; clinanthus fleshy, chaffy; corolla all tubular; style 
jointed above; pappus stiff. — Leaves alternate, often spinous; 
stamens and stigma often irritable, contractile. 
a. Pappus 0. 
Flowers , centre female; circumf. androgynous; 
pericline- scales compound, spinous Hippoph;estum. 205. 
Flow, centre hermaphrodite; circumf. neuter; 
pericline-scales fringed, not spinous Phrygia. 203. 
b. Pappus hairy , rays nearly equal , connate at bottom into 
a deciduous ring ; flowers all hermaphrodite . 
Pericline-scales simple, spinous; 
akenium transversely furrowed Onopordum. 194. 
Pericline-scales simple, spinous ; 
akenium streaked ; clinanthus bristly Carduus. 198. 
Pericline-scales appendiculated ; 
appendix toothed, spinous Silybum. 197- 
c. Pappus hairy , rays unequal , imbricate , in many series «, 
Flow, female, or male or hermaph. 
pericline-scales lanceolate, pointed Serratula. 196. 
Flow . centre hermaph.; circumf. neuter; 
pericline-scales lanceolate, serrated . Cyanus. 202. 
Flow, centre hermaph.; circumf. neuter; 
pericline-scales lanceolate, ovate, pinnate .... Jacea. 204„ 
Flow, centre hermaph.; circumf. neuter; 
pericline-scales palmate, spinous .... Polyacantha. 206. 
Flow, centre hermaph. ; circumf. neuter ; 
pericline-scales compound Leucantha. 207. 
Flowers all hermaphrodite ; pericline- 
scales linear, hooked at the tip Arctium. 195. 
d. Pappus feathery ; flowers all hermaphrodite. 
Pericline-scales , outer spinous ; 
inner coloured, scariose, radiated Carlina. 201. 
Pericline-scales all linear, spi- 
nous; pappus deciduous Cirsium. 199. 
Pericline-scales all ovate, 
pointed; pappus persistent . . Bennettia. 200. 
VOL. it, 2 F 
