PL ex. cal, 39. COMPOSITE, B. 198. Carduus. 437 
2. Carduus acanthoides . Bear' s-lreech thistle . 
Leaves decurrent, sinuate, spinous; pericline globose, 
slightly peduncled; scales linear, recurved. 
Carduus caule crispo, Raii Syn. 194, 2. 
Polyacanthos, Ger. era. 1173, 1. 
Carduus polyacanthos, Parle. 982. 
Carduus acanthoides, Lin. S. P. 1150. 
Carduus crispus, Huds. FI. Angl. 350. 
Thistle upon thistle. Grey thistle. 
Roads near fields; annual; June and July. 
Leaves green on both sides, bald; calathides terminal, 
mostly peduncled ; corollce dark purple. 
3. Carduus tenuiflorus. Slender-flowered thistle . 
Leaves decurrent, sinuate, spinous ; nappy beneath ; pe- 
ricline nearly cylindrical, aggregate ; scales lanceolate, ra- 
ther upright ; peduncles very short, appendiculately spinous. 
Carduus spinosissimus capitulis minoribus, Raii Syn. 194, 3. 
Carduus acanthoides, Hudson FI. Angl. 351. 
Carduus tenuiflorus, Curtis FI. Lond. 
Welted thistle. 
Fields and waysides; annual; June and July. 
Stem 4 feet high, slightly branched ; pericline pale, rather 
woolly; calathides crowded ; corollce pale purple. 
XXIV. 199. CIRSIUM. Dioscorides. Soft-thistle, 
Pericline bellied or cylindrical ; scales imbricate, linear 
pointed, not appendiculated ; flowers all hermaphrodite ; 
clinanthus chaffy, chaffs pale, capillary, as long as the pe- 
ricline; pappus featherlike; rays equal, longer than the 
akenium, annular at the base, deciduous. — Leaves spinous. 
1 . Cirsium palustre. Marsh soft-thistle. 
Leaves decurrent, naked, lanceolate, toothed, rough, edge 
spinous ; calathides racemose, glomerate ; periclme-scales 
ovate, lanceolate, mucronate, pressed close. 
Carduus palustris, Raii Syn. 194, 4 ; Park. 983; Lin. S. P. 115, 1. 
Cnicus palustris, Willd. S. P. 1662. 
Cirsium palustre, J)e Candolle FI. Gall. 3072. 
Damp fields and pastures; biennial or perennial ; July 
and August. 
Root branchy ; stem stiff, branched, 6 feet high ; leaves 
pinnatifid, dark green, lobes sinuated; pericline ovate; co * 
rollce dark purple or white. 
