PI. ex. cal. 39. COMPOSITE, B. 201. Carlina. 441 
Carlina sylve^tris quibusdam,aliis atractylis, Raii Syn. 175, 1. 
Carlina sylvestris major, Ger . em. 1159, 1. 
Carlina vulgaris, Lin. S. P. 1161. 
Sandy fields and pastures; biennial; July. 
Root fusiform ; stem upright, 1 foot high ; calathides so- 
litary, terminal ; corollee purple white. 
XXVII. 202. CYANUS. Pliny. Bluebottle . 
Pericline bellied, conical ; scales lanceolate, serrated, 
inner scales with a claw; flowers of the centre hermaphro- 
dite, regular; of the circumference neuter, large, irregular; 
clinanthus chaffy; chaffs awlshape, flat, as long as the 
akenia ; pappus chaffy, persistent ; chaffs toothed, unequal. 
Cyanus vulgaris. Common bluebottle. 
Leaves linear, not in the least cut ; lower leaves pinnatifid 
at the base. 
Cyanus, Raii Syn. 198, 1. 
Cyanus vulgaris, Ger. em. 732; Park. 482. 
Centaurea Cyanus, Lin. S. P. 1289. 
Corn-flower. Blue-blow. Hurt-sickle. 
Cornfields ; annual ; July and August. 
Root fibrous ; stem much branched ; leaves pointed, ra- 
ther woolly ; calathides solitary, peduncled. — Flowers yield 
a fine water colour ; plant blunts the sickles of the reapers. 
XXVIII. 203. PHRYGIA. Persoon. Knapweed . 
Pericline globular; scales ovate, pinnatifid, bristlelike, 
inner scales clawed ; flowers of the centre hermaphrodite, 
regular; of the circumference neuter, large, irregular; 
clinanthus chaffy ; chaffs bristlelike, half as long as the 
pericline ; akenium 4-sided, bristly ; pappus chaffy, persist- 
ing; chaffs linear, rough, unequal. 
1. Phrygia major . Great knapweed. 
Leaves pinnatifid; lobes lanceolate, toothed, slightly 
hairy ; lobes of the pericline-scales upright 
Jacea major, Raii Syn. 198, 1 ; Ger. em. 727,2. 
Jacea nigra vulgaris laciniata, Park. 470. 
Centaurea Scabiosa, Lin. S. P. 1291. 
Great mat fellon. Bull weed. 
Fields and waysides; perennial; July and August. 
Stem 2 or 3 feet high, branched ; leaves dark green ; ca- 
lathides solitary, peduncled ; flowers of the circumference 
linear, slender. 
