442 203. Phrygia. 39. COMPOSITE, B. PL ex . cal. 
2. Phrygia nigra . knapweed . 
Leaves lanceolate; root-leaves slightly toothed; stem- 
leaves undivided, serrated; /otas of the pericline-scales 
upright ; calathides fiosculous. 
Jacea nigra, Raii Syn. 198, 2 ; Ger. em. 727, 1. 
Jacea nigra vulgaris, Park. 468. 
Centaurea nigra, Lin. S. P. 1288. 
Mat fellon. 
Fields and pastures ; perennial ; June to August. 
Root creeping ; stem branched ; upper leaves ovate, ser- 
rate or not cut ; calathides solitary, terminal ; flowers all 
equal and fertile. 
0. tomenlosa. Plant small, nappy, grey. 
Jacea nigra minor, tomentosa, laciniata, Dillen in Raii Syn. 199, 3. 
3. Phrygia pratensk. Meadow knapweed . 
Leaves lanceolate, toothed, rather bald; upper leaves 
strap-shape, not cut ; pericline-scales flat ; lower scales ra- 
ther scarious ; lobes upright ; calathides radiated. 
Jacea nigra, flore jaceae majoris, Raii Syn, 199, 2 5 var. 
Centaurea pratensis, Thuill. FI. Par. 444. 
Centaurea nigra /3, Smith FI. Brit. 910. 
Fields and pastures; perennial; July and August. 
Stem fluted, cottony; outer flowers purple, radiating, 
barren ; lobes deep, strapshape ; central flowers white. 
XXIX. 204. JACEA. Clusius. Jacea. 
Pericline globose ; scales scarious, ovate, torn ; inner 
scales clawed ; flowers in the centre hermaphrodite ; of the 
circumference neuter, large, irregular; clinanthus chaffy; 
chaffs linear, awlshape, shorter than the pericline; pappus 0, 
or bristlelike, very short, deciduous. 
Jacea nigra. Black jacea. 
Leaves lanceolate, not in the least cut, root-leaves ra- 
ther toothed ; branches angular. 
Jacea nigra quae in Germaniae pratis nascitur, Dillen in Raii Syn. 199,2} 
var. 
Rhaponticum Jacea, Scopoli Cam. 2, 1017, 
Centaurea Jacea, Lin. S. P. 1290. 
Woods and fields, Sussex; perennial; August and Sep- 
tember. 
Pericline-scales pale brown, shining; lower scales pirl- 
natifid. 
