PL ex . cal. 45. UMBELLIFERiE. 267. Sanicula. 499 
IL 267. SANICULA. Brunsfel. Sa?iicle 9 
Involucrum pinnatifid ; involucella many-leaved ; flowers 
glomerate ; calyx 5-toothed ; petals equal, reverse heart- 
shape ; lacinule lanceolate, channelled, toothed at the tip ; 
fruit round, crowned with the calyx and long reflexed style ; 
akenium ovate, covered with hooked spines ; spermapodium 0; 
vittce many, epicarpic. 
Sanicula Europea . European sanicle . 
Stem leafless; leaves 5-lobed; lobes 3-cut, toothed ; flowers 
all nearly sessile. 
Sanicula sive Diapensia, Rail Syn. 221, 1 ; Ger. em. 948, 1. 
Sanicula vulgaris sive Diapensia, Park. 532. 
Sanicula europaea, Lin. S. P. 339. 
Astrantia Diapensia, Scop . Cam. 2, 304. 
Caucalis Sanicula, Crantz 228. 
Woods and copses; perennial; May. 
Root fleshy; stem 18 in. high; leaves petioled, bald; um- 
bell-rays unequal, often branched ; flowers whitish, uniform, 
hermaphrodite and female fertile, male barren ; female 
flowers often apetalous. 
III. 268. TORILIS. Adanson. Hedge-parsley . 
Involucrum 1 to 5-leaved ; involucella 5 to 8-leaved ; 
leaves adpressed ; calyx 5-toothed, persisting, equal ; petals 
reverse-heartshape, 2-lobed, strigose ; lacinule short, chan- 
nelled, lanceolate ; fruit ovate ; akenium ovate, slender 
above ; latuscule 3-ribbed ; vallecules 4, 4-vittated ; ribs and 
vallecules covered with bristles and prickles; prickles 
rough, distinct ; spermapodium threadshape, bristlelike, 
slightly 2-cut; spermapodophore fringed, hairs adpressed. 
a. Umbells terminal ; akenium equally muriated. 
1. Torilis rubella. Red hedge-parsley . 
Involucrum and involucella 5-leaved ; prickles of the ake- 
nium incurved, rough, apiculated. 
Caucalis minor flosculis rubentibus, Rail Syn . 219,4; Ger . em. 1022, 5, 
Caucaulis minor flore rubente, Park. 921. 
Tordylium Anthriscus, Lin. S. P. 346. 
Caucalis Anthriscus, Hudson FI. Angl. 114. 
Torilis Anthriscus, Sprengler Umbel. 24. 
Torilis rubella, Mcench Meth. 143. 
Hedges; annual; July. 
Stem upright, 2 feet high, hairy, hairs deflexed ; leaves 
bipinnatifid; umbells terminal, many-cut, crowded ; fruit 
violet at the tip. 
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