520 298. Archangel. 45. UMBELLIFERAE. PL ex. cal 
Leaves ternate, pinnate; odd-leaflet 3-pa „ ( 
oval, margined; margin rather waved. 
Angelica saliva, Raii Syn. 208, 1 ; Ger. em. 991, I ; Park. 940. 
Angelica Archangelica, Lin. S. P. 360. 
Angelica officinalis, Moench Meth. 81. 
JLigusticum Angelica, Stokes Bot. Mat. Med. 2, 96. 
Archangelica officinalis, Hoffmann U mb ell. 168. 
Garden angelica. The holy ghost. 
Watery places, naturalized, also cultivated; bien.; Sept. 
Rout fleshy ; stem 5 feet high, branched ; leaflets ovate, 
lanceolate, cut, acutely serrated, bald ; petals much dilated 
at bottom, membranaceous ; umlells globose, many-rayed. 
— Root aromatic, rather bitter, used mostly candied as an 
agreeable stimulant, and antipestilential. 
XXXIV. 299. SPHONDYLIUM. Diosc. Cow-par snep. 
Involucrum caducous ; involucella many-leaved ; flowers 
diffbrm; petals radiating, unequally 2-cut ; lacinule short, 
hooked ; fruit compressed, oval, reverse-ovate ; akenium 
ovate, margined, hirsute or rough, crowned ; latuscule 
3-streaked, 4-vittated ; vittae mostly as broad as the valle- 
cules, thick, rather clubbed ; commissural vittae 2, joined 
at an acute angle ; spermapodium threadshape, 2-parted. 
Sphondylium vulgare . Common coiu-parsnep. 
Leaves pinnate ; leaflets pinnatifid, cut, serrated. 
Sphondylium, Raii Syn. 205, 1 ; Ger. em. 1009, 1. 
Sphondylium vulgare, Park. 953. 
Heracleum Sphondylium, Lin. S. P. 358. 
Sphondylium Panaces, Gecrtn. 1,86. 
Sphondylium Branca, Scopoli Cam. 335. 
Sphondylium Branca ursina, Hoffm. Umbell. 132. 
Mad nep. Hogweed. Meadow parsnep. Bears-breech. 
Meadows and pastures ; biennial ; July. 
Root fusiform ; stem 4 feet high, branchy ; leaves ternate 
or pinnate, cut, pinnatifid; petioles dilated at bottom; um- 
lells flat. — Leaves and seeds brewed, form a kind of ale 
drank in Poland and Lithuania; stems peeled, to get rid of 
the acrid skin, are eaten in Russia ; when dried a saccha- 
rine substance exudes from them, and attempts have been 
made to extract sugar from this plant, but 40 lb. of the dried 
stalks only yielded a qr. of a lb. of powdery sugar ; young 
shoots a very good asparagus. 
Archangelica officinalis. 
